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HKEJ Column

Home Research Thought Leadership HKEJ Column
The Surge in AI Trade Highlights Hong Kong’s Role as a Global Hub

The Surge in AI Trade Highlights Hong Kong’s Role as a Global Hub

19 Aug 2026
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人工智能貿易勃興 香港樞紐功能見效

全球AI熱潮方興未艾,算力硬件需求正急速增長。在這場科技革命中,香港進出口業成功把握時代機遇,增長勢頭強勁。

商品貿易重拾升軌

政府統計處資料顯示,香港進出口業上一波高峰見於2021年。該年貿易總值同比大漲25.3%,突破10萬億元關口。其中,港產品出口貨值達745億元,同比大增57.1%。但在隨後兩年,貿易總值接連錄得負增長。

及至 2024 年,進出口業開始回暖。2024 至 2025 年,貿易總值先後按年增長7.3%和15.5%。2026年上半年數據顯示,貿易總值已達7.1萬億元,同比大增39.9%,全年有望創下歷史高峰。其中,港產品出口貨值約371億港元,錄得36.9%的顯著增幅。

AI商品轉口帶動貿易繁榮

在新一輪上揚趨勢之中,AI相關商品擔當主力角色。隨着全球算力需求近年指數級躍升,AI硬件迎來超級周期,量價齊漲,直接拉動香港的轉口貿易貨值。(見圖表)

圖表  香港AI相關商品轉口成為貿易復甦火車頭

香港AI相關商品的轉口整體轉口貨值的同比增速
總值佔整體轉口貨值同比增速
2024全年約2.8萬億港元約62%約15.7%約9.1%
2025全年約3.4萬億港元約66%約23.6%約15.4%
2026上半年約2.5萬億港元約73%約53.1%約39.1%

資料來源:筆者參考統計處數據估算得出

這些AI相關商品的涵蓋範圍相當廣泛,包括集成電路、處理器、控制器、放大器、記憶體、自動資料處理機、磁性或光學閱讀器、晶體管、固態永久資料儲存器等。綜合上述進出口數據,香港作為國際貿易中心的角色正在升級,轉口商品的「含科量」和「含金量」均大幅提升。

內地算力需求為根    貿易多元化為枝

按轉口來源地劃分,2026年上半年呈現高度集中的特徵,四大地區共佔約82%份額,依次為中國內地(35.4%)、中國台灣(20.6%)、南韓(13.1%)及越南(12.6%)。儘管中國內地和中國台灣仍是主要來源地,但南韓和越南的貨值增長十分強勁,同比分別達到67%和202%。此外,緊隨其後的6個轉口來源地,雖合共僅佔14%份額,但當中大多貨值同比增長迅猛。

這一現象契合當前亞太AI產業的分工情況。中國內地擁有華為、長鑫、中芯國際等科技龍頭,具備多種類、龐大的AI硬件產能。中國台灣憑藉台積電這一巨無霸,主導全球芯片代工領域。南韓憑藉三星電子、SK海力士等頂尖企業,在高頻寬記憶體等方面雄霸全球。在「中國+1」策略下,越南作為供應鏈轉移的主要目的地,近年落地大量AI 硬件封測與組裝產線,得以大舉擴充產能。其他各經濟體亦紛紛興建AI基礎設施,力求在AI浪潮中分一杯羹。

按轉口目的地劃分,2026年上半年,中國內地佔據70%的絕對份額,貨值同比大漲48.5%。第二至第四大地區共佔17%,貨值增長相當凌厲,按增速排名依次為美國 (109%) 、中國台灣 (81%) 及越南 (53%) 。雖然第五至第七大地區各佔份額不及2%,但增幅亦令人矚目。這一貿易結構反映香港主要服務於內地龐大的算力需求,其次是服務對象也逐漸多元化。

「背靠祖國、聯通世界」的AI貿易樞紐

上述貿易數據展現出香港「背靠祖國、聯通世界」的角色定位。首先,香港承載着「引進來」的窗口功能。一方面,內地通過香港從世界各地引進AI硬件產品,以滿足其龐大的算力需求;另一方面,各地AI硬件生產商通過香港進入內地龐大市場。隨着內地自主AI硬件產能不斷提升,預期香港的角色亦將順勢延伸,進一步協助內地供應商「走出去」拓展全球市場。

其次,香港仍是供應鏈樞紐重鎮。當前AI硬件供應鏈高度複雜,通常涉及跨境工序。例如,一塊芯片可能經歷中國內地的設計、中國台灣和南韓的代工、越南的封裝測試等各式工序。加上稅務等方面的考量,AI商品的生產過程,往往衍生出大量貿易需求。香港之所以能夠承接這些需求,除了因為具備世界頂尖的物流能力外,還在於其作為國際貿易中心一以貫之的獨特優勢,包括「一國兩制」、零關稅自由港、外匯自由流動,以及與國際接軌的普通法制度。這也是香港在國家AI產業雙循環發展中,扮演獨特戰略樞紐角色的根基。

把握AI貿易紅利    惠及市民大眾

香港在全球 AI 革命下,實現驚人的轉口貨值增長,貿易結構邁向高科技、高附加值發展。顯而易見,AI革命的經濟紅利,並非只反映在大眾遙不可及的高科技行業,更是外溢至貿易及物流等傳統行業。這些行業承載著廣大市民與中小企的生計,對香港實體經濟意義非凡。

誠言,在我們為繁榮而高興的同時,也不應忽視潛藏的隱憂。中美地緣政治博弈加劇、供應鏈重組、各地監管變化、鄰近地區競爭等因素,均為香港貿易發展與本地就業前景帶來不確定性。面對挑戰,我們需要不斷鞏固香港作為區內AI貿易樞紐的地位,政策統籌和引導尤其重要。首先是要維護自由港制度、完善合規與風險防控機制,使香港貿易持續獲得國際社會的信任。同樣重要的,是要支持業界往智能化方向升級,從而促進貿易物流服務的效率。此外,應優化對本地勞工的支援,使他們的技能符合市場所需,得以分享AI商品貿易的發展紅利。最後,要繼續深化與大灣區各城市的合作,借助灣區整體優勢,提升本港貿易服務的競爭力。

展望未來,香港應積極把握四大發展機遇:一是升級高階芯片與硬件專用的恆溫倉儲及中轉檢測服務;二是針對高單價 AI 硬件推出存貨融資與租賃等供應鏈金融工具;三是把握AI軟件和應用的發展浪潮,促進知識產權等服務貿易的發展,將香港「AI硬件轉口港」的角色延伸至「AI 服務貿易樞紐」;四是善用本港AI基礎科研優勢,並積極參與標準制定等全球AI治理。

鄧希煒教授
香港大學協理副校長、港大經管學院副院長、馮國經馮國綸基金經濟學教授

張超藝先生
香港大學香港經濟及商業策略研究所高級研究助理

黃鈺琪女士
香港大學香港經濟及商業策略研究所研究助理

(本文同時於二零二六年八月十九日載於《信報》「龍虎山下」專欄)

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