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HKEJ Column

Home Research Thought Leadership HKEJ Column
The Taming of the Data: Shaping a World-Class Analytics Team

The Taming of the Data: Shaping a World-Class Analytics Team

5 Mar 2025
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在大數據與人工智能深度融合的今天,數據已成為企業發展的核心資產。隨着人工智能技術的不斷突破與廣泛應用,數據的價值上升至前所未有的高度,幾乎所有企業都致力於利用數據分析來獲取有價值的商業洞見。

據Fortune Business Insights的研究,2022年,數據分析市場規模估值為410.5億美元,預計到2030年將增長至2793.1億美元,2023至2030年期間的年均增長率為27.3%,足見數據分析團隊日益重要。

數據浪潮下挑戰不斷

一個優秀的數據分析團隊,能夠協助企業從海量的數據中提取關鍵資訊,大力支援企業的戰略決策,進而提高運營效率,增強在市場上的競爭優勢。通過對銷售數據的深入分析,企業可以精準把握市場需求,優化產品布局;通過對用戶行為數據的開採(data mining),企業能夠實現個性化營銷,加強用戶滿意度和忠誠度。

然而,當前數據分析團隊的管理卻面臨不少困難。許多公司雖在大數據、人工智能和機器學習方面投入了大量資源,卻未能從中持續獲得商業價值。研究機構Gartner的報告顯示,一半以上的市場總監對其公司營銷數據分析團隊的表現表示不滿。

究其原因,在於大數據分析是一個複雜的系統工程,其成功的要素不僅在於搜集、存儲和管理數據資產、適當的分析方法和工具,還有賴團隊成員之間高效的資訊交互模式與協同機制。數據、分析工具、團隊運作和公司環境等多項因素相互交織,要是任何一個環節出現問題,都可能導致數據分析項目以失敗告終。因此,企業應制訂有效的管理策略,以促進數據分析團隊的效能,並充分發揮數據的價值。

建設團隊的主軸綱領

事實上,面對大數據分析的重重阻障,企業並非束手無策。出路是打造卓越的數據分析團隊,從而釋放大數據的潛力,實現商業價值的最大化。以下勾勒其中七大重點。

一、夯實數據根基,保障分析質量【註1】。確保分析團隊的數據來源廣泛、準確,以及即時更新。數據分析涵蓋交易、用戶行為、市場動態等多維度,為後續的數據開採提供堅實的基礎。建立科學的數據分析流程和質量管控體系時,後者通過建立數據質量監控指標、定期評估數據質量等方式,以維持數據的準確性和一致性。

二、深度契合業務,精準錨定需求【註1】。數據分析團隊應與業務部門合作無間,深入了解業務需求,提供針對性的數據分析和解決方案。數據分析團隊在企業中的定位必須適當界定,使其成為業務部門的緊密夥伴。團隊通過搜集、整理、分析數據,可支援企業的日常運營;透過深入了解業務部門的工作流程和需求,就能提供量體裁衣的數據分析服務。

三、清晰溝通機制,優化管理架構【註2】。構建科學合理的團隊管理架構至關重要,其中完善的溝通機制不可或缺。成立專門的數據管理部門,負責統籌數據的搜集、整理與分析工作時,釐清各部門在數據管理流程中的職責,而部門之間的良好溝通能夠避免責任推諉和工序重疊,使工作效率提高。各部門只有通過有效的溝通,才能各展所長,實現資源的優化配置,讓數據分析項目得以順利進行。

四、塑造交互記憶,強化團隊協作【註2】。團隊中每個成員都有其擅長的領域和知識,必須彼此了解各自的專長,以便在處理複雜的數據分析之際,深明誰在哪些方面較強,達至高效協作。若在一個綜合性數據分析項目中,負責數據搜集的成員知悉數據來源的優勢,負責分析的成員擅於運用各種方法,通過交互記憶系統妥善分工而完成項目,就能持續提高團隊整體表現。

五、實施創造性整合,賦能企業發展【註3】。憑藉來源多樣的數據、多元的分析方法以及業務知識,團隊就能進行創造性整合。以分析市場環境和競爭為例,不能單靠市場動態數據和有關對手的數據,還須連結企業自身的業務特點和戰略目標,創造性地將這些資訊整合起來,從而為企業制定出獨特的市場策略。

六、強化知識管理,促進協同創造【註4】。一個傑出的數據分析團隊,猶如一座知識寶庫,在長期實踐中積累了豐富的專業知識與數據分析技巧。搭建完善的知識管理系統,是開啟這座寶庫的鑰匙,讓團隊的知識得以高效整合與共創。將一系列項目中的數據分析經驗整理歸檔,成為寶貴的「智慧錦囊」,有利於團隊成員隨時從中獲取靈感,汲取養分,持續提升專業能力。對新成員來說,這無疑是融入團隊的「綠色通道」,可迅速認識其中工作模式和掌握必備知識,並盡快為團隊貢獻力量。

七、借助先進技術,強化協作效能【註3】。數據分析團隊需熟練運用各類項目管理工具,如甘特圖、看板管理系統等,來合理規劃項目進度、明確任務分配與監控項目進展,提升團隊協作效率與項目執行能力,助力企業的業務穩健推進與高效拓展。在團隊協作過程中,應利用即時通訊工具、在線文檔協作平台等協作技術,以打破溝通壁壘,達至資訊實時共享與高效協同。隨着生成式人工智能技術的幾何級數發展,數據分析團隊應設法將其融入工作流程,促進人類與生成式人工智能的協同合作,以提升效率和創造力。

知行合一  前景無限

展望未來,大數據分析技術將呈現出更加迅猛的發展態勢,並為企業帶來無窮無盡的機遇和可能。面對這場科技浪潮,各方攜手共進,優化數據分析團隊的管理協作機制,打造精銳卓越的團隊,定能充分開採大數據的價值,共同譜寫智能高效發展的新篇章。

 

註1:Zhang, X., Tian, F., Fang, Y., and Shen, H. “How to Promote Business Analytics Project Effectiveness: A Cross-disciplinary Bibliometric Analysis”. Industrial Management & Data Systems, under 1st round of revision.

註2:Fang, Y., Neufeld, D., and Zhang, X. 2022. “Knowledge coordination via digital artifacts in highly dispersed teams”. Information Systems Journal 32(3): pp. 520–43.

註3: Zhang, X., Fang, Y., Zhou, J. and Lim, KH. 2025. “How Collaboration Technology Use Affects IT Project Team Creativity: Integrating Team Knowledge and Creative Synthesis Perspectives”. MIS Quarterly, forthcoming.

註4:He, W., Hsieh, JJ., Schroeder, A., and Fang, Y. 2022. “Attaining Individual Creativity and Performance in Multi-Disciplinary and Geographically-Distributed IT Project Teams: The Role of Transactive Memory Systems”. MIS Quarterly 46(2): pp. 1035–72.

 

張曉潔
香港大學數字經濟和創新研究所研究員、中國海洋大學管理學院副教授
方鈺麟
香港大學數字經濟與創新研究所所長、港大經管學院創新及資訊管理學教授

 

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