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In the Media

Home Research Thought Leadership In the Media
HK Tourism IP and Pop Mart: A Lesson from Labubu

HK Tourism IP and Pop Mart: A Lesson from Labubu

28 May 2025
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香港旅遊IP可向泡泡瑪特取經

 

今年首季錄得1220萬名旅客訪港,創新冠疫情後的季度新高;內地五一黃金周則迎來110萬名旅客,按年增加22%。誠然,數字增長並不代表萬事大吉。隨着全球經濟放緩、消費降級,很多遊客當天來當天走,甚至「發明」了在快餐店過夜的省錢旅遊攻略。

旺丁不旺財,可能導致城市資源無法承擔遊客增多所產生的負荷,而市民則不滿遊客帶來的擁擠和不便,最終只會影響旅遊業的持續發展。

如何旺丁又旺財呢?筆者上月就曾在本欄撰文分析泡泡瑪特的知識產權策略(IP strategy)【註1】;既然這家潮流文化娛樂公司的商品IP可以聲譽和銷量雙贏,香港的旅遊IP是否可以從中借鏡呢?

人無我有 只此一家

泡泡瑪特和藝術家簽署獨家授權,亦即只有泡泡瑪特有權使用Labubu等眾多IP形象。反觀香港的旅遊IP,則不用和誰簽署協議,就已是自身的寶貴資產。無論是綿延298公里的四大行山徑,還是荷里活電影《變形金剛》的取景點鰂魚涌「怪獸大廈」;無論是穿行北角春秧街菜市場的「叮叮」電車,還是屹立百年的哥德式建築伯大尼教堂,甚至是堅尼地城海旁一隅的日常景觀,無一不是香港獨一無二的風景。

擁有當然只是第一步,如何得以眾所周知,則有賴行之有效的宣傳。Labubu風靡東南亞的背後是泡泡瑪特的營銷策略。潮玩很多,但能掛在Blackpink泰國女星Lisa的手袋上,能和泰國公主合照,能成為泰國官方首位IP旅遊大使,則只有Labubu。哪管在民間或官方層面,泡泡瑪特都給Labubu充足的曝光機會,才使得Labubu在泰國一鳴驚人。

香港多元的旅遊資源也需要通過類似的曝光,才能廣為人知。從頂流明星,到影響力強的KOL,以至官方宣傳,只有打造出鮮明地標,令國際形象深入人心,才算得上「修成正果」。

人有我優 精益求精

即便是與別不同的景致,也不是沒有競爭對手。有山有海的行山徑深圳也有,哥德式教堂廣州、上海、青島亦可見,為什麼遊客要選擇來香港呢?正如泡泡瑪特既不是盲盒的發明者,也不是盲盒市場的壟斷商,何以消費者對其產品情有獨鍾?

一個看似簡單的盲盒,除了藏在裡面設計精良的潮玩,還包含背後各種市場營銷巧思:要是定價太低,恐怕有損IP的品牌價值;定價太高,則難令消費者樂意解囊。售價介乎70至100元之間,即使中學生也可以省點零用錢就能買到。至於如何避免消費者重複抽到同一玩偶,泡泡瑪特樂見客戶互換盲盒之餘,還從互換盲盒的數據中推測下個爆款。這正是「人有我優」策略畫龍點睛之處,也是泡泡瑪特的致勝之道。

本港不妨借鑑這個經驗,除了「一無二」,更要「勝一籌」。例如,雖然香港故宮文化博物館的展品數量和質量不及北京國家博物館,但是香港故宮文化博物館的突出之處,在於展覽策劃、展品說明,甚至展館背景音樂。在國內舉辦的大型展覽,參觀者往往擠得水洩不通,相較之下,香港故宮文化博物館則可讓遊客慢慢欣賞、細細琢磨、悠悠品味。這種「人有我優」的細意安排,足以吸引曾經去過國家博物館的遊客步入香港故宮,欣賞妙不可言的賞玩藝術。

人優我全 包羅萬象

香港無疑是彈丸之地,然而麻雀雖小五臟俱全。論自然風景,既有唯一兩次獲選世界三大夜景的太平山頂,也有被美國媒體CNN譽為全球最美行山徑之一的龍脊。論市區風貌,既有中銀大廈、環球貿易廣場等摩天大樓,也有銅鑼灣鵝頸橋下打小人的舊式習俗。論飲食潮流,既有潮人雲集的蘭桂坊,也有歷史悠久的點心車茶居蓮香樓。

從市區到郊野,從摩登到傳統,從歷史到潮流,也都近在咫尺,讓訪客全面體驗繽紛多彩的旅遊驚喜。這種「小而全」,正是香港作為東西交匯、新舊互碰的優厚條件。

如何利用「人優我全」的優勢?特區政府不妨學習泡泡瑪特為Labubu不停推出的系列產品。同一個Labubu既可以在海邊散步,也可以做慵懶的瑜伽,每個系列都使Labubu變得百變有趣,買一個不如買一套,買一套不如逐套收藏。同理,香港豐富的旅遊資源可設計出萬花筒式主題,如「香港的夜與日」、「香港的中與西」、「香港的山城與海港」,「香港的繁忙與慢活」等系列。一個城市若能呈現出各式各樣的美好,遊客才會駐足細味,酒店以至相關行業自然不愁沒生意。

雖然旅遊業的附加值只佔本地生產總值的2.6%,卻是15萬名從業員的飯碗。遊客消費也為零售業總銷售額貢獻18%,為飲食業總收入貢獻24%【註】。這一行的興衰與每個香港人可謂息息相關。毫無疑問,旅遊業是一個城市的名片,象徵其軟實力。只有足夠發達的城市才有實力打造和宣傳蘊藏其中的旅遊資源;只有足夠成熟的社會才能照顧和關注遊客的需求;也只有足夠開放的文化才能包容八方的來客。

冀望香港真能做到無處不旅遊、無處不周全,令來去匆匆的遊客留連忘返。

 

註1:〈泡泡瑪特一夜爆紅的IP策略〉,范亭亭,《信報》,2025年4月16日

註2:《香港旅遊業發展藍圖2.0》(https://www.cstb.gov.hk/file_manager/tc/documents/consultation-and-publications/Tourism_Blueprint_2.0_Chinese.pdf)

 

范亭亭博士
港大經管學院市場學首席講師

(本文同時於二零二五年五月二十八日載於《信報》「龍虎山下」專欄)

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