HKUBS_Standard_Coloured_Shield_Blue_Text_Logo - 380
  • Global Presence
  • About Us
        • About us about us
        • A Premier Business School in Asia with Global Influence
        • Overview
          • Message from the Dean
          • Vision & Mission
          • Milestones
          • Partnerships & Global Network
          • Beta Gamma Sigma HKU Chapter
          • Rankings & Accreditations
          • Corporate Collaboration
        • Leadership
          • Faculty Management
          • International Advisory Council
        • Our Stories
        • Contact Us
        • Staff Portal
        • Campuses
  • Programmes
        • Programmes programmes
        • Diversified Learning Experience Empowers our Students
        • Undergraduate
        • Masters
          • MAA
          • MAcct
          • MCGRM
          • MEcon
          • MFWM
          • MFin
          • MFFinTech
          • MGM
          • MSAF
          • MSc(BA)
          • MScMktg
          • MWM
        • MBAs & EMBAs
          • MBA
          • IMBA
          • HKU EMBA
        • PhD
        • Executive Education
        • DBA
  • People
        • People people
        • International Faculty Body that Offers Quality Education
        • Faculty
        • Post-Doctoral Fellows
        • Demonstrators/ Teaching Assistants
        • Research Postgraduate Students
        • Administration
  • Research
        • Research research
        • Lead the Frontier of Knowledge Creation
        • Thought Leadership
          • Latest Research Publications
          • HKEJ Column
          • FT Chinese Column
          • In the Media
        • Academic Areas
        • Faculty Members
        • Research Grants
        • Seminars & Conferences
          • Edward K Y Chen Distinguished Lecture Series
        • Research Centres & Institutes
        • Hong Kong Macroeconomics Forecast
        • HKU Knowledge Exchange
        • HKU Scholars Hub
        • Shenzhen Research Institutes
  • Events
  • Media
        • Media media
        • Inspire the Society and Community with Rigorous Insights
        • School News
        • In the Media
        • Press Release
  • Career
        • Career career
        • Fostering Strategic Partnerships and Talent Development
        • Recruit our Talents
        • Student Career Development
        • Career Opportunities
          • Faculty Recruitments
          • HKU Career Site
  • 繁
  • 简
Type To Search
HKUBS_Standard_Coloured_Shield_Blue_Text_Logo - 380
Type To Search
  • Global Presence
  • About Us
        • About us about us
        • A Premier Business School in Asia with Global Influence
        • Overview
          • Message from the Dean
          • Vision & Mission
          • Milestones
          • Partnerships & Global Network
          • Beta Gamma Sigma HKU Chapter
          • Rankings & Accreditations
          • Corporate Collaboration
        • Leadership
          • Faculty Management
          • International Advisory Council
        • Our Stories
        • Contact Us
        • Staff Portal
        • Campuses
  • Programmes
        • Programmes programmes
        • Diversified Learning Experience Empowers our Students
        • Undergraduate
        • Masters
          • MAA
          • MAcct
          • MCGRM
          • MEcon
          • MFWM
          • MFin
          • MFFinTech
          • MGM
          • MSAF
          • MSc(BA)
          • MScMktg
          • MWM
        • MBAs & EMBAs
          • MBA
          • IMBA
          • HKU EMBA
        • PhD
        • Executive Education
        • DBA
  • People
        • People people
        • International Faculty Body that Offers Quality Education
        • Faculty
        • Post-Doctoral Fellows
        • Demonstrators/ Teaching Assistants
        • Research Postgraduate Students
        • Administration
  • Research
        • Research research
        • Lead the Frontier of Knowledge Creation
        • Thought Leadership
          • Latest Research Publications
          • HKEJ Column
          • FT Chinese Column
          • In the Media
        • Academic Areas
        • Faculty Members
        • Research Grants
        • Seminars & Conferences
          • Edward K Y Chen Distinguished Lecture Series
        • Research Centres & Institutes
        • Hong Kong Macroeconomics Forecast
        • HKU Knowledge Exchange
        • HKU Scholars Hub
        • Shenzhen Research Institutes
  • Events
  • Media
        • Media media
        • Inspire the Society and Community with Rigorous Insights
        • School News
        • In the Media
        • Press Release
  • Career
        • Career career
        • Fostering Strategic Partnerships and Talent Development
        • Recruit our Talents
        • Student Career Development
        • Career Opportunities
          • Faculty Recruitments
          • HKU Career Site
HKUBS_Standard_Coloured_Shield_Blue_Text_Logo - 380
  • Global Presence
  • About Us
    • Overview
      • Message from the Dean
      • Vision & Mission
      • Milestones
      • Partnerships & Global Network
      • Beta Gamma Sigma HKU Chapter
      • Rankings & Accreditations
      • Corporate Collaboration
    • Leadership
      • Faculty Management
      • International Advisory Council
    • Our Stories
    • Contact Us
    • Staff Portal
    • Campuses
  • Programmes
    • Undergraduate
    • Masters
      • MAA
      • MAcct
      • MCGRM
      • MEcon
      • MFWM
      • MFin
      • MFFinTech
      • MGM
      • MSAF
      • MSc(BA)
      • MScMktg
      • MWM
    • MBAs & EMBAs
      • MBA
      • IMBA
      • HKU EMBA
    • DBA
    • PhD
    • Executive Education
  • People
    • Faculty
    • Post-Doctoral Fellows
    • Demonstrators/ Teaching Assistants
    • Research Postgraduate Students
    • Administration
  • Research
    • Thought Leadership
      • Latest Research Publications
      • HKEJ Column
      • FT Chinese Column
      • In the Media
    • Academic Areas
    • Faculty Members
    • Research Grants
    • Seminars & Conferences
      • Edward K Y Chen Distinguished Lecture Series
    • Research Centres & Institutes
    • Hong Kong Macroeconomics Forecast
    • HKU Knowledge Exchange
    • HKU Scholars Hub
    • Shenzhen Research Institutes
  • Events
  • Media
    • School News
    • In the Media
    • Press Release
  • Career
    • Recruit our Talents
    • Student Career Development
    • Career Opportunities
      • Faculty Recruitments
      • HKU Career Site

HKEJ Column

Home Research Thought Leadership HKEJ Column
Cinema Seats vs. Home Couches: How Can Hong Kong Cinemas Win the Battle

Cinema Seats vs. Home Couches: How Can Hong Kong Cinemas Win the Battle

22 Jan 2025
Share on TwitterShare on FacebookShare on WhatsappShare on LinkedInShare on Email
院線大戰客廳沙發:香港戲院如何扳回一局

從新冠肺炎疫情至今,香港電影院經歷了一波關門大潮。截至2024年4月30日,累計16間戲院結業,其中包括UA連鎖影院在2021年3月全線結業。【註1】這波關門大潮似乎還遠未結束,上月12日MCL Cinema Plus+荷里活廣場戲院宣布結業,而以播放小眾電影知名的高先電影院,也傳出將於租約期滿後結束營業。【註2】

電影院紛紛倒閉並非香港的獨有現象,在作為電影大國的美國,同樣難逃厄運。根據英國一家研究機構統計,目前美國的影院銀幕總數為36,400,比2019年減少12%。世界最大的影院公司AMC娛樂,從2019年開始就陸續關閉了169家影院,雖然疫情之後又增加了60家,但是規模遠比疫情前要小。至於全球第二大連鎖影院巨頭Cineworld,也關閉了接近15%的影院。

影院頭號勁敵

衝着戲院而來的最大對手,無疑是Netflix、Disney+等串流媒體。比起動輒花上百元購買1張門票,同樣是大概100元的串流服務月費,卻可換來豐富的電影、電視節目選擇,對於消費者來說自然更加划算。加上用戶可以舒舒服服地躺在自家沙發上,隨時隨意暫停播放或重播,不難理解為什麼愈來愈多人選擇串流服務來看電影。

無庸置疑,新冠肺炎來襲令影院市道雪上加霜。疫情期間本港戲院共停業267日,市民被迫呆在家中,通過串流媒體觀看電影電視。3年多下來,消費習慣逐漸改變。據《華爾街日報》報導,疫情前有60%的美國消費者認為,看電影應去戲院,疫後降至只有35%;同期選擇在家看電影的美國人,則由40%增至65%。【註3】

作為影院的合作方,電影製作公司亦轉投串流媒體的懷抱。荷里活各大電影製作公司為了既在院線大銀幕上賺足戲票,又想在串流媒體上分一杯羹,通常會在新電影發行的首90天,授予電影院獨家放映權。【註4】消費者如果迫不及待先睹為快,就只能花錢進戲院。等到這個影院獨家檔期過去了,串流媒體才可加以播放。

在串流媒體盛行的今天,獨家檔期對於影院的重要性也就不言而喻。然而疫情令所有影院停運,電影製作公司只好將影片直接在串流媒體上發行。儘管獨家檔期在疫後恢復,但大幅減半至只有45天。盈利窗口大大縮短之際,經營成本又告上升,經營影院生意可謂舉步維艱。

力挽狂瀾之道

影院能否贏過客廳沙發?雖然串流媒體優勢明顯,影院卻可提供無法取代的觀影體驗。如何放大這一強項,是影院能否打贏家中沙發的核心關鍵。比方說,影院的超大銀幕和震撼音效能讓觀影體驗全面升級。在影院總體經營困難的情況下,大銀幕IMAX加杜比音效卻逆勢增長。2023年IMAX的年收益上漲25%,達到2億1400萬美元,其全球(除中國內地)票房收入的市場份額也從2019年的1.7%升至2.1%。【註5】為了強化這一優勢,美國德克薩斯州具百年歷史的連鎖電影院B&B,甚至安裝了一塊寬7層樓、高4層樓的超大銀幕以及一塊270度的環形銀幕,讓觀眾完全沉浸在電影特效之中。

即便是座椅,也有不少影院想勝過家裡的沙發。為了提高觀影體驗,一些影院不惜重金設置可調整溫度和傾斜度的座椅,甚至有服務員端上餐飲,觀眾們一享眼福之餘,還能一飽口福。阿聯酋的連鎖影院Vox更提供和牛豪華大餐,讓看電影變成奢華享受。另有創新者,如在亞洲擁有連鎖影院的韓國公司CGV,不僅在電影放映中為觀眾帶來風雨以及氣味的4D體驗,還在放映前提供音樂、遊戲、餐飲一條龍服務,把觀影塑造成獨特文化體驗。

影院與客廳沙發能否握手言和

電影分類眾多,一個很簡單的標準就是片長。《經濟學人》分析了從荷里活的黃金年代1930年至今10萬多部在全球放映的電影,發現平均片長的增幅為32%,從1930年代平均1小時21分鐘增至2022年的1小時47分鐘。這種趨勢在熱賣的電影中尤其顯著;2022年IMDB網站的評分排名中,十大電影平均片長為2個半小時,足足比1930年代的十大電影長了50%。【註6】

對於觀眾來說,這樣的長片很難集中精力盯着家中的小熒幕一口氣看完,而斷斷續續地看又讓觀影體驗大打折扣。反之,影院的大銀幕配合好音效,若再提供附加服務,就足以吸引消費者步出家門,走進影院,好好享受電影時光。電影製作公司的這種加時策略,在2019年漫威電影《復仇者聯盟:終局之戰》中取得豐厚回報。這部長達3小時的超級英雄電影成為2019年票房冠軍。近期北美電影票房排行榜就有不少這類長片,其中包括長達3小時的2024年奧斯卡最佳影片《奧本海默》。

這意味著電影院和串流媒體可以針對不同影片細分市場:影院專門放映長片或大製作,串流媒體則主攻其他類型的作品;各有側重,和氣收場。

影院應為跳出舒適圈另謀對策

上電影院和在家看戲還有一個很大的不同,就是在影院內和朋友或陌生人坐在一起,這就使得影院有可能成為社交娛樂的場所。影院不妨跳出電影的局限,另闢蹊徑。比如AMC影院正在考慮直播美國欖球聯賽;美國連鎖電影院B&B不僅貼心地為小朋友提供遊樂場地,還為大人提供保齡球、攀岩、匹克球、酒吧以及舉辦私人宴會的場所。其他影院為了鼓勵單身男女入場,甚至在放映前的等待時間組織配對約會活動,讓害怕一個人看電影的年輕人多了一個走進影院的理由。

電影院PK客廳沙發的大戰尚未結束。戲院如果不想舉手投降,只能變陣迎戰,由「觀影場所」打造成「升級體驗的休閒社交場所」,方能有望在這場沒有硝煙的戰役中收復失地。

 

註1:https://www.hk01.com/%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E6%96%B0%E8%81%9E/1015167/%E6%88%B2%E9%99%A2%E7%B5%90%E6%A5%AD-%E7%96%AB%E6%83%85%E8%87%B3%E4%BB%8A16%E9%96%93%E5%80%92%E9%96%89-ua%E5%85%A8%E7%B7%9A%E8%90%BD%E5%B9%95-%E5%8C%97%E4%B8%8A%E6%BD%AE%E6%AF%94%E9%98%B2%E7%96%AB%E6%8E%AA%E6%96%BD%E6%9B%B4%E5%85%87

註2:https://www.hk01.com/%E9%9B%BB%E5%BD%B1/1084551/%E9%AB%98%E5%85%88%E9%9B%BB%E5%BD%B1%E9%99%A2%E7%AA%81%E5%82%B3%E6%BB%BF%E7%B4%84%E5%BE%8C%E7%B5%90%E6%A5%AD-%E6%9C%89%E8%82%A1%E6%9D%B1%E6%9B%BE%E8%A1%A8%E7%A4%BA-%E7%94%9F%E6%84%8F%E5%94%94%E4%BF%82%E4%B8%8D%E5%A5%BD-%E8%80%8C%E4%BF%82%E5%B7%AE

註3:“How going to the movies is changing, in charts,” The Wall Street Journal, August 6, 2024.

註4:“Movie-theater industry pain intensifies even as pandemic eases,” The Wall Street Journal, April 4, 2023.

註5:“Cinemas may be dying. But IMAX and the high end are thriving,” The Economist, February 28, 2024.

註6:“Why films have become so ridiculously long,” The Economist, October 14, 2023.

范亭亭
港大經管學院市場學首席講師

(本文同時於二零二五年一月二十二日載於《信報》「龍虎山下」專欄)

The Arrival of the Trump 2.0 Era15 Jan 2025
Tackling Fiscal Deficit: The Pros and Cons of Government Bonds6 Feb 2025
Trending
The One Big Beautiful Bill Act: Yet Another  Policy Blunder
The One Big Beautiful Bill Act: Yet Another Policy Blunder
Dr. Y. F. LUK
Is America's 'One Big Beautiful Bill Act' a masterpiece or a misstep?According to Dr Y.F. Luk, Honorary Associate Professor at HKU Business School, this new policy comes at a steep price. He explained that while the 870-page bill makes tax cuts permanent, it pays for them by slashing vital medical and food subsidies.
9 Jul 2024
Faculty
Stablecoins: A Trust Anchor in the Sea of Digital Currency
Stablecoins: A Trust Anchor in the Sea of Digital Currency
Dr. Yifei ZHANG
In recent years, the global financial markets have been turbulent, with Bitcoin’s price fluctuations resembling a rollercoaster—attracting investors in pursuit of high returns. However, in this vast digital ocean, most enterprises and investors are not seeking adventure, but rather a safe haven for investment.
2 Jul 2025
Faculty
Tingting FAN
About Author
Dr. Tingting FAN

Principal Lecturer

Sign up for upcoming news and events
LinkedIn WeChat Instagram Facebook Weibo Twitter YouTube

©2025, HKU Business School. All Rights Reserved. | Privacy Policy | Web Accessibility Statement