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FT Chinese Column

Home Research Thought Leadership FT Chinese Column
Is AI the CEO’s Rival or Asset?

Is AI the CEO’s Rival or Asset?

9 Oct 2026
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AI是CEO的對手,還是武器?

人們寄望AI能讓組織的決策變得更加民主和理性。事實上,AI一方面讓高質量的判斷變得人人可得,另一方面也為不受制衡的權力提供了新的槓桿。更平等的信息,未必意味着更平等的權力。

四十年的管理學研究告訴我們一個樸素的道理:公司做什麼,取決於誰在當家。換一位喜歡冒險的CEO,公司可能開始大舉收購;換一位謹慎的,就會收緊現金——蘋果在喬布斯回歸后的十年,與九十年代的徘徊形成鮮明對比,這就是“CEO效應”的體現。它的根基不在於職權,而在於解釋權:在市場信號紛繁複雜、機會與陷阱交錯的環境中,總得有人為公司發聲,解釋這些信息意味着什麼。在AI出現之前,這個人只能是CEO。所有湧入公司的信息,無論經過多少層級,最終都由CEO的雙眼做出判斷。

而AI拆除了這個前提。過去需要數十年經驗積累的分析,現在一屏即可完成;當“讀得多、讀得快”成為基礎設施,判斷的價值開始被稀釋。CEO從首席解釋者退居為整合者,變成了將算法輸出融入公司故事的人。世界的解釋權,不再天然屬於任何一個人。在信息密集的行業,這一變化已在發生:誰當CEO,差異正在縮小。

然而,同一項技術落入治理鬆散的公司,路徑則截然不同。當CEO兼任董事長、董事會沉默、股權分散而無人較真時,算法不再是制衡權力的工具,而成為權力的延伸。它為個人偏好披上數據的外衣,讓私意以“客觀”的面貌得以推進;同時,也製造出新的不對稱——董事會越來越難以理解那些本應審查的決策。過去,監督者或許懈怠;如今,監督者無從置喙。權力沒有收斂,只是換了一種表達方式。

這兩條路徑,最終將引領行業走向不同的未來。若算法普遍接管解釋權,所有公司訂閱相似的數據、使用相似的模型、追逐相似的目標函數,答案必然趨同:定價趨同、戰略趨同,整個行業擠入同一條看似最優的航道,在激烈競爭中相互蠶食。每個公司變得更“聰明”,但整個行業卻變得更疲憊。反之,如果AI放大的是掌舵者的視野與直覺,公司的差異將被拉大,競爭變得更為鬆散,利潤得以留存。同一項技術,既在縮平人與人之間的差距,也在放大差距;既可能終結強者的時代,也可能孕育出更強的“強者”。

因此,讓AI進入公司,和讓AI為誰工作,是兩回事。前者提升了判斷的下限,後者決定了權力的流向。公司的治理制度,是為信息稀缺、解釋權集中的世界而設計的,尚未學會應對算法參與的決策;但制度並非一成不變。技術決定了什麼可以被複制,而治理仍然可以決定什麼可以被集中。真正的任務,不是在人與機器之間選邊站,而是在提升判斷底線的同時,用制度約束權力的上限。AI時代所需要的,不是盲目崇拜明星CEO,也不是盲從算法,而是一套能夠讓技術與權力相互制衡的治理體系。

唐翌教授
港大經管學院管理及商業策略副教授

王紫璇
同濟大學

(本文同時於二零二六年十月九日載於《FT中文網》明德商論專欄)

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