logo
  • Global Presence
  • About Us
        • About us about us
        • A Premier Business School in Asia with Global Influence
        • Overview
          • Message from the Dean
          • Vision & Mission
          • Milestones
          • Partnerships & Global Network
          • Beta Gamma Sigma HKU Chapter
          • Rankings & Accreditations
          • Corporate Collaboration
        • Leadership
          • Faculty Management
          • International Advisory Council
        • Our Stories
        • Contact Us
        • Staff Portal
        • Campuses
  • Programmes
        • Programmes programmes
        • Diversified Learning Experience Empowers our Students
        • Undergraduate
        • Masters
          • MAA
          • MAcct
          • MCGRM
          • MEcon
          • MFWM
          • MFin
          • MFFinTech
          • MGM
          • MSAF
          • MSc(BA)
          • MScMktg
          • MWM
        • MBAs & EMBAs
          • MBA
          • IMBA
          • HKU EMBA
        • PhD
        • Executive Education
        • DBA
  • People
        • People people
        • International Faculty Body that Offers Quality Education
        • Faculty
        • Post-Doctoral Fellows
        • Demonstrators/ Teaching Assistants
        • Research Postgraduate Students
        • Administration
  • Research
        • Research research
        • Lead the Frontier of Knowledge Creation
        • Thought Leadership
          • Latest Research Publications
          • HKEJ Column
          • FT Chinese Column
          • In the Media
        • Academic Areas
        • Faculty Members
        • Research Grants
        • Seminars & Conferences
          • Edward K Y Chen Distinguished Lecture Series
        • Research Centres & Institutes
        • Hong Kong Macroeconomics Forecast
        • HKU Knowledge Exchange
        • HKU Scholars Hub
        • Shenzhen Research Institutes
  • Events
  • Media
        • Media media
        • Inspire the Society and Community with Rigorous Insights
        • School News
        • In the Media
        • Press Release
  • Career
        • Career career
        • Fostering Strategic Partnerships and Talent Development
        • Recruit our Talents
        • Student Career Development
        • Career Opportunities
          • Faculty Recruitments
          • HKU Career Site
  • 繁
  • 简
Type To Search
logo
Type To Search
  • Global Presence
  • About Us
        • About us about us
        • A Premier Business School in Asia with Global Influence
        • Overview
          • Message from the Dean
          • Vision & Mission
          • Milestones
          • Partnerships & Global Network
          • Beta Gamma Sigma HKU Chapter
          • Rankings & Accreditations
          • Corporate Collaboration
        • Leadership
          • Faculty Management
          • International Advisory Council
        • Our Stories
        • Contact Us
        • Staff Portal
        • Campuses
  • Programmes
        • Programmes programmes
        • Diversified Learning Experience Empowers our Students
        • Undergraduate
        • Masters
          • MAA
          • MAcct
          • MCGRM
          • MEcon
          • MFWM
          • MFin
          • MFFinTech
          • MGM
          • MSAF
          • MSc(BA)
          • MScMktg
          • MWM
        • MBAs & EMBAs
          • MBA
          • IMBA
          • HKU EMBA
        • PhD
        • Executive Education
        • DBA
  • People
        • People people
        • International Faculty Body that Offers Quality Education
        • Faculty
        • Post-Doctoral Fellows
        • Demonstrators/ Teaching Assistants
        • Research Postgraduate Students
        • Administration
  • Research
        • Research research
        • Lead the Frontier of Knowledge Creation
        • Thought Leadership
          • Latest Research Publications
          • HKEJ Column
          • FT Chinese Column
          • In the Media
        • Academic Areas
        • Faculty Members
        • Research Grants
        • Seminars & Conferences
          • Edward K Y Chen Distinguished Lecture Series
        • Research Centres & Institutes
        • Hong Kong Macroeconomics Forecast
        • HKU Knowledge Exchange
        • HKU Scholars Hub
        • Shenzhen Research Institutes
  • Events
  • Media
        • Media media
        • Inspire the Society and Community with Rigorous Insights
        • School News
        • In the Media
        • Press Release
  • Career
        • Career career
        • Fostering Strategic Partnerships and Talent Development
        • Recruit our Talents
        • Student Career Development
        • Career Opportunities
          • Faculty Recruitments
          • HKU Career Site
港大經管學院
  • Global Presence
  • About Us
    • Overview
      • Message from the Dean
      • Vision & Mission
      • Milestones
      • Partnerships & Global Network
      • Beta Gamma Sigma HKU Chapter
      • Rankings & Accreditations
      • Corporate Collaboration
    • Leadership
      • Faculty Management
      • International Advisory Council
    • Our Stories
    • Contact Us
    • Staff Portal
    • Campuses
  • Programmes
    • Undergraduate
    • Masters
      • MAA
      • MAcct
      • MCGRM
      • MEcon
      • MFWM
      • MFin
      • MFFinTech
      • MGM
      • MSAF
      • MSc(BA)
      • MScMktg
      • MWM
    • MBAs & EMBAs
      • MBA
      • IMBA
      • HKU EMBA
    • DBA
    • PhD
    • Executive Education
  • People
    • Faculty
    • Post-Doctoral Fellows
    • Demonstrators/ Teaching Assistants
    • Research Postgraduate Students
    • Administration
  • Research
    • Thought Leadership
      • Latest Research Publications
      • HKEJ Column
      • FT Chinese Column
      • In the Media
    • Academic Areas
    • Faculty Members
    • Research Grants
    • Seminars & Conferences
      • Edward K Y Chen Distinguished Lecture Series
    • Research Centres & Institutes
    • Hong Kong Macroeconomics Forecast
    • HKU Knowledge Exchange
    • HKU Scholars Hub
    • Shenzhen Research Institutes
  • Events
  • Media
    • School News
    • In the Media
    • Press Release
  • Career
    • Recruit our Talents
    • Student Career Development
    • Career Opportunities
      • Faculty Recruitments
      • HKU Career Site

In the Media

Home Research Thought Leadership In the Media
Reinvigorating Hong Kong’s Stock Market and Trading Momentum

Reinvigorating Hong Kong’s Stock Market and Trading Momentum

20 Sep 2023
Share on TwitterShare on FacebookShare on WhatsappShare on LinkedInShare on Email
重振港股氣氛與交投之道

新冠疫情雖過,但本港經濟復甦不似預期;基於高息環境、宏觀經濟不穩定等因素,恒生指數久未重上兩萬點,港股投資氣氛與成交量持續低迷。隨着特區政府在2021年上調股票交易印花稅稅率,宣布當天港股應聲下跌近3%。股票印花稅無疑可在避免增加基層市民負擔的情況下增加庫房收入,然而多年來金融業界不乏要求政府降低股票印花稅的聲音,以便向國際看齊。

優勢此消彼長

股票交易收費項目繁多,其中股票印花稅率為每宗交易金額的0.13%,部分投資者因而會另選稅率較低的海外股票市場。若股票印花稅率高至扼殺收益,導致市場成交量下跌,政府的稅收反而因加得減。

環顧全球,美國早已取消交易印花稅。日本在1999年取消所有交易的流通票據轉讓稅(包括印花稅)和交易稅;一年後,新加坡亦已取消股票印花稅。香港股票印花稅稅率之高,在全球主要交易所中僅次於英國,而後者只向買方收取0.5%股票印花稅,新股及交易所買賣基金(ETF)一律豁免。中國內地則僅向賣方收取0.05%股票印花稅,買方可免。

在香港買賣藍籌股的成本比美國高出約280倍,交易印花稅正是高成本的主因,佔總費用超過90%。交易成本嚴重偏高,大大削弱港股的吸引力。2022年,馬來西亞證券交易所把印花稅由0.1%上調至0.15%,交投量隨之減少,但今年7月回調至0.1%後,股市隨即反彈。調低印花稅稅率有助於經濟復甦及金融業持續發展 ,這是全球大趨勢。

按香港交易所(港交所)公布2023年上半年統計數據,聯合交易所平均每日成交額約1155億元,按年下跌16.5%,證券業的復甦情況未如理想。自2021年提高股票印花稅稅率後,交投量一直下降乃鐵一般的事實。根據香港證券及期貨專業總會統計,2022年8月至2023年7月(即加稅後第二個年度),日均成交金額比加稅前一年跌逾31%。印花稅影響短線大額資金買賣,大型基金定必先計算各項成本,才進行高頻率或短線的大額交易。現時美股一隻股票的成交量已較香港股市一天的交投量多出兩三倍。調低或撤銷這項稅收,至少對大型基金、短炒散戶等都有一定吸引力。

激活投資風氣

要為股市製造良性循環,在吸引更多公司來港上市的同時,亦應讓更多市民參與投資。筆者建議降低投資者入場門檻,改善港股交易單位問題。金融界已有把港股買賣由「一手」降至「每股」的倡議,既為入場拆牆鬆綁,亦可增強交易彈性,讓年輕人參與投資。例如港交所(00388)每手為100股,若把買賣單位由一手降至每股,則可大大擴展投資空間。

另外,亦不妨增加南北水大宗交易的快捷渠道,推廣「港幣─人民幣雙櫃台模式」;或整合中小型股票及低成交股票,建立蓬勃的小型股市生態,以吸引機構及散戶投資者。港股市場能否持續為中小企業集資,繫於能否推行所需改革,為優質企業建立初級市場板塊,從而支持中小型股票在創業板以至主板市場的流動性。

深化中外聯通

至於內地證券市場,正逐步開放與世界市場銜接,讓境外投資機構透過合格境外機構投資者計劃(即QFII)和互聯互通機制得以進入,內地市場推行符合國際慣例的印花稅稅率也就順理成章。回顧2008年9月開始,內地由雙邊徵收改為單邊徵收交易印花稅,稅率保持0.1%,單由賣方繳納,買方免稅。國家財政部更於上月公告,為活躍內地資本市場及提振投資者信心,從本年8月28日起把股票交易印花稅減半,即由0.1%下調至0.05%,這是內地股市自2008年首次降低印花稅稅率。

追本溯源,A股過往的大多數牛市都與調低印花稅稅率有關。自2008年9月A股改為單向徵收後,基於利好消息,上證綜合指數在不到一年內最高見3478點,較公布日開市價2067點大漲68.2%;同日成交額接近212億元人民幣,較公布日的58.4億元人民幣大漲約2.6倍,足見減印花稅稅率的短期效用。

敲定全面對策

觀乎政府的具體對策,金融監管機構和港交所一直推動市場的發展和創新,包括容許擁有不同投票權架構的新經濟企業和未有收入或盈利的生物科技公司來港上市;便利內地與國際公司來港作第二上市和雙重上市;擴大股票市場互聯互通等。本年3月,港交所推行特專科技公司上市制度,擴闊發行人上市渠道。

與此同時,股票印花稅對市場的影響實在不容忽視,皆因每年為特區庫房帶來數以億元收入,政府務須周詳研究對此項稅率加以調整。根據以往經驗,下調股票交易印花稅稅率往往未必能夠即時刺激交易額,例如1998年至2001年期間,本港曾3次降低有關稅率,但日均成交額卻由1997年約143億元跌至2002年的60億元。另一方面,基於2022至2023年度股票交易印花稅實際收入作出估算,調低稅率至0.1%或0%,將令政府分別減少約123億元或531億元的財政收入,損失額分別佔該年度整體收入約2%或9%。

下調印花稅稅率的確可發揮促進股市的短期效應。從學術角度而言,理應進行對照分析,以便清楚了解印花稅措施對成交量產生的影響。筆者因此建議,當局可考慮豁免徵收股票印花稅一年,相信短期內有助於刺激市場交投量。

特區政府若不從調低印花稅稅率方面着手,亦可考慮改為單向徵稅。

參考內地做法,在投資者沽出股票時,才徵收賣方印花稅,間接鼓勵投資者長期持貨,減低市場波動,令股市長遠發展受惠。筆者冀望特區政府能夠從善如流,聽取市場的務實建議。畢竟金融服務為本地經濟四大支柱行業之一,地位舉足輕重,若有更多便利股市的政策陸續出台,定能帶動市場成交量提升,促進投資氣氛好轉。

 

謝國生博士
港大經管學院金融學首席講師

何敏淙先生
香港大學附屬學院講師

(本文同時於二零二三年九月二十日載於《信報》「龍虎山下」專欄)

Future Leader Scholarship Programme14 Sep 2023
Data analytics on the recovery progress of H.K. tourist industry27 Sep 2023
Trending
Innovation Strategy Common Ground – from Poverty Alleviation to International Web3 Centre
Innovation Strategy Common Ground – from Poverty Alleviation to International Web3 Centre
Prof. Joseph CHAN
Hong Kong has long been successful in its four pillar industries, comprising trading and logistics, financial services, professional and producer services and tourism. According to the research by the HK government, they contributed close to 60% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and almost half of the total employment before COVID. However, all these four pillars have encountered the decline in their respective area – resulting from the rapid change in market need & user behavior, regional and global competition, the development in new value-chain and advanced technology, as well as geo-political environment. As a solution, ‘innovation’ has been introduced to address these pain-points of Hong Kong. The question to ask, how should we develop the innovation strategies – instead of coming up ideas for the sake of ‘innovation’? In this article, we will discuss how innovation strategy could be approached from the perspective of poverty alleviation to Web3 industry development – two topics sound not-related, but their common ground might give us the insight on how we could find the development path of Hong Kong.
14 May 2025
Faculty
Gambling with Tariffs: A Losing Proposition for All
Gambling with Tariffs: A Losing Proposition for All
Dr. Maurice K.S. TSE
關稅豪賭  只有輸家 國際貨幣基金組織在上月發表的《世界經濟展望》,將全球經濟增長預測從今年 1 月的 3.3% 顯著調低至 2.8%。報告指出,中國和印度將成為推動全球經濟增長的主要動力,預計未來5年貢獻比例分別為 23%和超過15%;而美國因其關稅政策的不確定性,對全球經濟的貢獻率遭下調至 11.3%。
7 May 2025
Faculty
Dr-Maurice-Tse_2019
About Author
Dr. Maurice K.S. TSE

Principal Lecturer

Sign up for upcoming news and events
LinkedIn WeChat Instagram Facebook Weibo Twitter YouTube

©2025, HKU Business School. All Rights Reserved. | Privacy Policy | Web Accessibility Statement