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In the Media

Home Research Thought Leadership In the Media
Data analytics on the recovery progress of H.K. tourist industry

Data analytics on the recovery progress of H.K. tourist industry

27 Sep 2023
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從訪港客數據分析疫後旅遊業復甦進展

作為香港特區四大支柱產業之一,旅遊業是帶動經濟增長、創造就業機會的一大原動力。歷經2019年社會事件及2020年起新冠疫情肆虐,本地旅遊業備受重擊。隨着疫情放緩,社會活動復常,政府於今年2月啟動「你好,香港!」大型推廣活動,送出50萬張機票,在景點提供特別優惠,並進行全球宣傳活動,以吸引旅客訪港。

半年下來,到底旅遊業復甦情況如何?能返回2019年社會事件前的水平嗎?下文就4方面的訪港旅客數據加以分析。

過夜訪港旅客量

香港旅遊發展局(旅發局)在專為旅遊專業人員而設的旅業網(PartnerNet)提供各類相關統計資料。【圖1】顯示2015年1月至2023年7月期間的每月過夜訪港旅客人次,【表1(A)】所示為不同時期的摘要統計數字。整體而言,平均每月過夜訪港旅客人次在2019年社會事件前為232萬;2019年社會事件之際跌至158萬;2020年1月至2023年2月新冠疫情時更大幅下滑至8萬;今年「你好,香港!」全球宣傳展開後,則已反彈至146萬,為2019年社會事件前的63%。

另外,從【表1(A)】按客源分析可見,疫後恢復較快的為來自中國內地、澳門、南亞及東南亞的過夜訪港旅客數字,相對於2019年社會事件前,其恢復率分別為70%、95%、67%。至於來自美洲的過夜訪港旅客人次的恢復率為46%;來自歐洲、非洲及中東的恢復率為38%;來自澳洲、紐西蘭及南太平洋的恢復率為34%;來自北亞的恢復率則僅為22%。

不過夜訪港旅客量

【圖2】所示為2015年1月至2023年7月的每月不過夜訪港旅客人次,【表1(B)】所示為不同時期的摘要統計數字。整體而言,平均每月不過夜訪港旅客人次在2019年社會事件前為276萬;2019年社會事件之際跌至216萬;2020年1月至2023年2月新冠疫情時更大幅下滑至8萬;今年「你好,香港!」推廣活動展開後,則已反彈至144萬,為2019年社會事件前的52%。

過夜訪港旅客人均消費

從【表1(B)】按客源統計可見,疫後恢復較快的為來自中國內地、澳門、美洲的不過夜訪港旅客數字,相對於2019年社會事件前,其恢復率分別為53%、124%、53%。至於來自南亞及東南亞的不過夜訪港旅客人次的恢復率為46%;來自歐洲、非洲及中東的恢復率為37%;來自澳洲、紐西蘭及南太平洋的恢復率為41%;來自北亞的恢復率則僅為23%。

要宏觀分析香港疫後旅遊業的復甦情況,除了訪港旅客人次外,還需檢視訪港旅客的消費額。旅發局在旅業網亦有提供過夜及不過夜訪港旅客人均消費統計資料。【表2(A)】列出不同時期的摘要統計數字。整體而言,疫情爆發前,過夜訪港旅客人均消費由2015年約7200元跌至2019年約5800元,跌勢明顯。

在「你好,香港!」推廣活動中,三家本地航空公司(國泰航空、香港快運及香港航空)由本年3月1日起,為期半年分階段向全球多個市場送出合共50萬張機票,加上大小商戶提供超過100萬份旅客消費優惠券,影響所及,來自各大市場的過夜訪港旅客人均消費反彈至約8200元,普遍高於2015年水平。不過,來自中國內地的過夜旅客人均消費卻是重要的例外情況:雖然亦從2019年約6000元反彈至2023年上半年約7600元,但仍低於2015年約7900元的水平。

不過夜訪港旅客人均消費

從【表2(B)】可見不同時期不過夜訪港旅客人均消費的摘要統計數字。整體而言,此數字由2015年約2400元下跌至2019年約2000元,跌勢明顯。縱使在2023年上半年特區政府推出「你好,香港!」贈送機票及消費優惠券,不過夜訪港旅客人均消費仍進一步減至約1300元。此現象的主因是來自中國內地的不過夜旅客消費銳減,從2015年約2700元下跌至2019年約2200元,更在2023年上半年跌至約1300元。

疫後旅遊業復甦情況

上述各項分析顯示,「你好,香港!」大型推廣活動有助刺激新冠疫情後整體訪港旅客量反彈,其中來自中國內地和澳門的旅客回升幅度尤為顯著。然而,來自長途市場(尤其歐洲、非洲及中東;澳洲、紐西蘭及南太平洋)及北亞的旅客量恢復則較緩慢。至於在訪港旅客量佔比最大的中國內地旅客,其人均消費卻並未因為「你好,香港!」而恢復至2019年社會事件前的水平,不過夜旅客人均消費更呈下跌趨勢,以致本港旅遊業及經濟復甦進度受阻。

有鑑於此,在出臺「你好,香港!」此類宏觀策略後的下一階段,政府不妨考慮針對個別市場的消費模式,實施微觀策略,以個性化的宣傳及營銷結合特區的特色和強項,重塑本港旅遊形象,刺激旅客來港意欲,讓香港旅遊業維持國際競爭力,並促進經濟持續健康發展。

 

【圖1】2015年1月–2023年7月過夜訪港旅客人次

資料來源:香港旅遊發展局

 

【圖2】2015年1月–2023年7月不過夜訪港旅客人次

資料來源:香港旅遊發展局

 

【表1】2015年–2023年特定時期各大主要市場訪港旅客人次

資料來源:香港旅遊發展局

 

【表2】2015年–2023年特定時期各大主要市場旅客人均消費

資料來源:香港旅遊發展局

 

何志培博士
港大經管學院經濟學講師

(本文同時於二零二三年九月二十七日載於《信報》「龍虎山下」專欄)

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