团队

若使用得当，生成式 AI 能够显著提升人类的生产力。它可以协助团队探索战略、起草营销方案，并大幅拓展个人产出的广度与速度。

19世纪末，经济学家维尔弗雷多·帕累托（Vilfredo Pareto）观察到意大利80%的财富集中在20%的人手中。这一现象后来被美国管理学者约瑟夫·朱兰（Joseph Juran）进一步发展，推论出著名的“80/20法则”：80%的结果（输出）往往归于20%的投入（输入）。

深具影响力的经济学家兼政治思想家阿尔伯特·赫希曼（Albert Hirschman）以其对经济发展和社会变迁的理论而闻名。他的著作《退出、发声与忠诚》（Exit, Voice, and Loyalty）深入探讨了企业、组织和国家面对衰退时的反应机制。

深具影响力的经济学家兼政治思想家阿尔伯特·赫希曼（Albert Hirschman）以其对经济发展和社会变迁的理论而闻名。他的著作《退出、发声与忠诚》（Exit, Voice, and Loyalty）深入探讨了企业、组织和国家面对衰退时的反应机制。

二十一世纪被誉为人工智能的黄金时代。海量的创新方法、突破性发现、层出不穷的新应用使我们目不暇接。多少传统的商业模式、社交行为、资讯的获取方式乃至社会的方方面面都正面临革命性的改变，其中又以医疗领域尤其值得注意。

二十一世纪被誉为人工智能的黄金时代。海量的创新方法、突破性发现、层出不穷的新应用使我们目不暇接。多少传统的商业模式、社交行为、资讯的获取方式乃至社会的方方面面都正面临革命性的改变，其中又以医疗领域尤其值得注意。

This paper studies career spillovers across workers, which arise in firms with limited promotion opportunities. We exploit a 2011 Italian pension reform that unexpectedly tightened eligibility criteria for the public pension, leading to sudden, substantial, and heterogeneous retirement delays. Using administrative data on Italian private-sector workers, the analysis leverages cross-firm variation to isolate the effect of retirement delays among soon-to-retire workers on the wage growth and promotions of their colleagues. We find evidence of spillover patterns consistent with older workers blocking the careers of their younger colleagues, but only in firms with limited promotion opportunities.

The scalability of a marketplace depends on the operations of the marketplace platform and its sellers’ capacities. In this study, we explore one strategy that a marketplace platform can use to enhance its scalability: providing an ancillary service to sellers. In our model, a platform can choose whether and when to provide this service to sellers and, if so, what prices to charge and which types of sellers to serve. Although such a service helps small sellers, we highlight that the provision of such a service can diminish the incentives of large sellers to make their own investment, thereby reducing their potential output. When the output reduction by large sellers is substantial, the platform may not want to provide the ancillary service, and, even if it does, it may choose to set a price higher than its marginal cost to motivate large sellers to scale. The platform may also choose to strategically delay the provision of the service.