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HKEJ Column

Home Research Thought Leadership HKEJ Column
Insights from The Chief Executive’s 2025 Policy Address

Insights from The Chief Executive’s 2025 Policy Address

24 Sep 2025
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北都發展宜接受公眾監督

上星期特首發表2025年施政報告。從鼓勵生育到規範外地勞工,從發展遊艇產業到太空經濟,包含了香港經濟民生發展的方方面面。筆者在此選取印象深刻的幾個重點訊息,以作分析評論,只為拋磚引玉,為讀者帶來思考並留作日後參考。

北部都會區發展

此次施政報告的重點,無疑是北部都會區的規劃。北部都會區包括了整個新界北部,佔地面積達全港面積三分之一的土地,計劃完成後可供250萬人居住,比現時約98萬人口多出一倍半。

北部都會區從西到東四個功能區引人注目,將分別建成高端專業服務及物流樞紐、創新科技地帶、口岸商貿及產業區,及藍綠康樂旅遊生態區。這四大功能區共同構築北部都會區多元產業、優質生活、國際化及生態共融的未來城市格局。

而令功能區能夠發揮巨大作用的,無疑是貫穿其中的鐵路。施政報告強調鐵路建設將會是北部都會區及大灣區互聯互通的重中之重,也帶動相關土地、產業發展。北環線鐵路、跨境鐵路及北部都會區交通網絡將會成為北部都會區最重要的基礎建設。

其中,北環線鐵路主線從西到東連接屯馬線錦上路站與東鐵線的上水站與落馬洲站;支線則連接新田科技城、河套港深創科園,直通深圳新皇崗口岸。另外,亦興建延線和新界東北線連接香園圍;港深西部鐵路則連接洪水橋至前海。

這些計劃完成後,港深之間會增加包括前海、皇崗、蓮塘三個鐵路口岸,不但將完善北部都會區交通網絡,還將大大便利往返港深兩地的交通,促進區域生態共融和經濟文化交流。

為保障北部都會區的高效發展,行政長官李家超將設立「北都發展委員會」並親自擔任主席,下設三個由司長級領導的工作組,包括由財政司司長任組長的「發展及營運模式設計組」,由政務司司長任組長的「大學城籌劃及建設組」,及由財政司副司長擔任組長的「規劃及發展工作組」。 此外,政府還將盡量避免各部門之間繁複、緩慢、互相掣肘的行政流程,採用跨部門協調和訂立專屬法例授權,授權政府突破現有法定程序,以加速北都發展過程中涉及的土地、規劃、審批及建造程序。

對政府發展北都的雄心壯志和投資規劃,筆者認為有三點需要注意。

首先,欲速不達。跳出既定程式做事,本意是為了提高效率,但也可能帶來混亂、錯誤,甚至是私相授受乃至貪腐風險。因此,如何規避這些風險,同樣需要政府謹慎考慮。

第二,北部都會區的發展需要大量金錢,靈活融資可能會隱藏了特區的財政負擔。

第三,施政報告中在北都發展的附註中提及:「如合適,上述行政措施亦可套用在北都以外的地方。 」由此可見,北都不僅只是新發展區,亦可能成為香港管治方式的試水區域。因此,在北都發展過程中,政府應進行階段性的報告和總結,並對公眾進行訊息披露,保持反思和訊息透明,接受公眾監督。這將對香港的未來管治具有深遠影響和重大意義。

非本地生比例大躍進

特首亦宣佈大學的非本地生人數上限在下年度(26/27)將由40%提升到50%。 香港資助大學的非本地生自費學額,最早在2004年設有上限10%,主要保護本地生資源。 隨著國際化政策推進,2008年政府決定將上限倍增至20%,這一調整讓大學可招收更多境外及內地學生,同時提升香港國際教育樞紐地位。 20%的上限维持了十多年,直至上年度(2024/25)才提升到40%。 今次再次提升,不可謂不快速。 政府官員亦補充,50%上限並非極限。

由於八大院校的教學式研究生課程是自費課程,非本地生比例並沒有上限規定,再加上大力發展大學城的決心,香港的大學本科生和研究生的生源已經出現結構性轉變。這將為香港的勞動市場帶來深遠的影響:一方面,我們將獲得大量接受過本地高等教育的非本地生的生產力;另一方面,在香港土生土長的本地生,則將遇到數目眾多、前所未有的競爭對手。無論是本地生還是本地家庭,都需對此有心理準備。

趙耀華博士

香港大學經管學院經濟學榮譽副教授

(本文同時於二零二五年九月二十四日載於《信報》「龍虎山下」專欄)

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