團隊

2025年8月1日，香港《穩定幣條例》生效，標誌著中國將逐步參與穩定幣市場，並探索如何通過香港這一離岸金融中心，利用穩定幣推動人民幣國際化。 要回答這一問題，我們需要在當前市場情緒高漲的背景中，理性、客觀地理解離岸人民幣穩定幣的發展邏輯。

This paper studies whether investor composition affects the sovereign debt market. We construct a data set of sovereign debt holdings by foreign and domestic bank, nonbank private and official investors for 101 countries across three decades. Compared with other investors, private nonbank investors absorb a disproportionate share of the debt supply, and their demand for emerging market debt is most price responsive. A counterfactual analysis of emerging market sovereigns shows a 10% increase in debt leads to a 5.8% yield increase but an outsized 8.4% increase without nonbank investors. We conclude that sovereigns are vulnerable to the loss of nonbanks.

自1983年起，香港一直實施與美元掛的聯繫匯率制度（聯匯制度）。在這40年間，制度運行穩定，順利應對了多次重大挑戰，如1997至1998年的亞洲金融危機和2007至2008年的全球金融危機等。值此制度40周年之際，本文將探討在新的國際經濟形勢下聯匯制度的現狀與發展。基於最新國際經濟學研究成果，通過量化指標，分析不同匯率制度對香港的利弊。

We propose and estimate a quantitative model of exchange rates in which participants in the foreign exchange market are intermediaries subject to value-at-risk (VaR) constraints. Higher volatility translates into tighter VaR constraints, and intermediaries require higher returns to hold foreign assets. Therefore, the foreign currency is expected to appreciate. The model quantitatively resolves the Backus–Smith puzzle, the forward premium puzzle, and the exchange rate volatility puzzle and explains deviations from the covered interest rate parity. Moreover, the model implies both contemporaneous and predictive relations between proxies of leverage constraint tightness and exchange rates. These implications are supported in the data.