Sara KIM
Prof. Sara KIM
市场学
Area Head of Marketing
Professor

3917 2266

KK 703

Publications
服务员工绩效中突出努力与才能:客户的归因与反应

公司普遍将其服务员工的表现,归因于其尽心努力或天赋才能。然而,我们尚未清楚两者如何影响客户对服务员工的评核和待客成效。此外,过往的研究仅主要分析对自己绩效的归因,对他人绩效归因的影响着墨甚少。借鉴有关热情–胜任力框架和绩效归因的研究,是次的研究指出,当服务员工表现称职归因于努力而非才能时,客户期望更多以共享为导向而非以交换为导向的关系,因为努力(相对于才能)会令客户觉得服务员工更为热情。作者继而提出,客户的协助行为是关系期望的下游结果,而努力(相对于才能)更有可能促使客户的口碑和想法分享行为。研究结果通过将绩效归因确定为关系期望的管理上有意义的前因,丰富了现有文献,并为营销人员如何影响客户对关系的期望和协助行为提供了实用的指引。

What Happens When Companies Emphasize Employee Effort Versus Talent

Opinion piece by Dr. Sara Kim, Associate Professor in Marketing

服务时使用表情符号:顾客如何解读员工提供网上服务时使用表情符号

市场上并没有关于表情符号在商业关系中所扮演角色的研究,而在市场学范畴以外的相关研究分析则参差不齐。本研究旨在透过分析亲切度和能力这两大基本要素,以及顾客受其个人及环境因素影响所产生对关系规范的看法(共有规范 vs. 交换规范),来阐释过往的研究结果。透过实验室及实地的试验,现时的研究显示顾客认为使用表情符号的服务人员,相比没有使用的人,其亲切度较高,但能力较低 (研究一)。我们进一步发现,当服务人员使用表情符号,具共有取向的顾客会倾向认为服务人员亲切度较高,因而对服务较满意;同样情况,具交换取向的顾客则会倾向认为服务人员能力较低,因而对服务满意度较低(研究二)。此外,我们亦研究了顾客不满意的服务 (研究三) 及员工的额外角色服务 (研究四) 这两个更能凸显某种关系规范的重要服务情况。我们推测哪些机制有可能导致这些影响,并在进行讨论理论及实际用途时,发掘更多研究机会。

Money Helps When Money Feels: Money Anthropomorphism Increases Charitable Giving

Across five studies, the current research demonstrates that imbuing money with humanlike characteristics can enhance charitable giving. Based on mind perception theory, we propose that anthropomorphizing money can induce people to attribute to money the capacity to feel and sense (i.e., warmth) and the capacity to do things (i.e., competence). Further, we argue that enhanced warmth perception increases charitable giving. Studies 1a and 1b provided initial evidence that money anthropomorphism increased charitable giving by measuring real monetary donation behavior (study 1a) and by adopting a practical method to anthropomorphize money in charitable appeals (study 1b). Study 2 showed that money anthropomorphism enhanced both warmth and competence perceptions of money, but that only enhanced warmth perception increased donation intention. Study 3 showed that money anthropomorphism did not enhance other types of charitable giving, such as signature provision. Study 4 showed that the money anthropomorphism effect was unique to money and that anthropomorphizing other financial instruments, such as a credit card, did not induce the same effect.