{"id":224792,"date":"2024-11-28T12:47:41","date_gmt":"2024-11-28T04:47:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hkubs.hku.hk\/research\/thought-leadership\/the-culture-of-blame-reflections-on-the-u-s-election\/"},"modified":"2024-11-28T12:48:57","modified_gmt":"2024-11-28T04:48:57","slug":"the-culture-of-blame-reflections-on-the-u-s-election","status":"publish","type":"thought-leadership","link":"https:\/\/www.hkubs.hku.hk\/tc\/research\/thought-leadership\/hkej-column\/the-culture-of-blame-reflections-on-the-u-s-election\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7f8e\u570b\u5927\u9078\u7d50\u679c\u6298\u5c04\u51fa\u7684\u907f\u8cac\u6587\u5316"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e92\u76f8\u6307\u6458\u6216\u5378\u8cac\uff0c\u4e5f\u8a31\u53ea\u662f\u500b\u4eba\u6c92\u64d4\u7576\u7684\u602f\u61e6\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u4f46\u653e\u5927\u5230\u793e\u6703\u5c64\u9762\uff0c\u5c31\u8db3\u4ee5\u7522\u751f\u6df7\u6dc6\u516c\u773e\u8996\u807d\u7684\u60e1\u679c\u3002\u653f\u6cbb\u4eba\u7269\u5f80\u5f80\u900f\u904e\u5f7c\u6b64\u6307\u6458\u4f86\u8f49\u79fb\u8996\u7dda\uff0c\u529b\u6c42\u8cb6\u4f4e\u5c0d\u624b\u800c\u62ac\u9ad8\u81ea\u5df1\u3002\u5728\u7af6\u722d\u767d\u71b1\u5316\u7684\u9078\u8209\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u60dc\u4e00\u5207\u63a8\u5378\u8cac\u4efb\u5df2\u6210\u653f\u5ba2\u7684\u6163\u6280\uff0c\u6216\u5c0d\u9078\u8209\u7d50\u679c\u4ee5\u81f3\u672a\u4f86\u7ba1\u6cbb\u548c\u653f\u7b56\u5e36\u4f86\u96e3\u4ee5\u60f3\u50cf\u7684\u885d\u64ca\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h5>\u6c11\u4e3b\u9ee8\u6557\u9078\u80cc\u5f8c<\/h5>\n<p><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u6708\u7f8e\u570b\u7e3d\u7d71\u9078\u8209\u7d50\u679c\u5875\u57c3\u843d\u5b9a\uff0c\u5171\u548c\u9ee8\u7279\u6717\u666e\u4ee5\u58d3\u5012\u6027\u59ff\u614b\u52dd\u51fa\u3002\u8cc0\u9326\u9e97\u6158\u6557\u5f8c\uff0c\u5176\u6240\u5c6c\u6c11\u4e3b\u9ee8\u5167\u96a8\u5373\u51fa\u73fe\u5927\u8209\u5378\u8cac\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u77db\u982d\u76f4\u6307\u62dc\u767b\uff0c\u6b78\u548e\u4ed6\u672a\u80fd\u53ca\u6642\u9000\u9078\uff0c\u9677\u8cc0\u9326\u9e97\u65bc\u5c37\u5c2c\u5883\u5730\u3002\u4e0d\u5c11\u9ee8\u5167\u6210\u54e1\u4ea6\u8a8d\u70ba\u62dc\u767b\u5e74\u8001\u9000\u5316\uff0c\u4e0d\u53d7\u9078\u6c11\u6b61\u8fce\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u4ed6\u53ca\u5f8c\u5ba3\u5e03\u9000\u9078\uff0c\u8cc0\u9326\u9e97\u4ecd\u56e0\u53d7\u9078\u6c11\u652f\u6301\u5ea6\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u672a\u80fd\u65bc\u660e\u5e74\u5165\u4e3b\u767d\u5bae\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8207\u6b64\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u6c11\u4e3b\u9ee8\u5728\u570b\u6703\u6539\u9078\u4e2d\u5931\u53bb\u53c3\u8b70\u9662\u548c\u773e\u8b70\u9662\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u6b0a\uff0c\u8f03<span>4<\/span>\u5e74\u524d\u8868\u73fe\u66f4\u7cdf\u3002\u6839\u64da\u300a\u7d10\u7d04\u6642\u5831\u300b\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u81ea\u62dc\u767b\u5728<span>2020<\/span>\u5e74\u51fa\u4efb\u7e3d\u7d71\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b<span>3100<\/span>\u591a\u500b\u7e23\u7684\u9078\u6c11\u5927\u90fd\u8f49\u5411\u53f3\u50be\u3002\u6c11\u4e3b\u9ee8\u5411\u4f86\u6a19\u699c\u7684\u652f\u6301\u58ae\u80ce\u6b0a\u548c\u6c11\u4e3b\u7acb\u5834\uff0c\u7121\u6cd5\u50cf\u7d93\u6fdf\u548c\u79fb\u6c11\u7b49\u8feb\u5207\u8b70\u984c\u5f15\u8d77\u9078\u6c11\u5171\u9cf4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5118\u7ba1\u7f8e\u570b\u5931\u696d\u7387\u73fe\u6b63\u7dad\u6301\u5728\u6b77\u53f2\u4f4e\u4f4d\uff0c\u80a1\u5e02\u66a2\u65fa\uff0c\u4f46\u7269\u50f9\u9ad8\u3001\u623f\u79df\u8cb4\u4e5f\u662f\u4e8b\u5be6\u3002\u62dc\u767b\u4efb\u5167\uff0c\u7269\u50f9\u4e0a\u6f32\u8d85\u904e<span>20%<\/span>\u3002\u5eb7\u5948\u723e\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u5bb6\u5df4\u8607\uff08<span>Kaushik Basu<\/span>\uff09\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5404\u7a2e\u7d93\u6fdf\u6307\u6a19\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8139\u5c0d\u653f\u6cbb\u5f71\u97ff\u6700\u5927\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u7121\u9700\u6578\u64da\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c0d\u901a\u8139\u6709\u5207\u8eab\u611f\u53d7\u3002\u518d\u8005\uff0c\u300a\u91d1\u878d\u6642\u5831\u300b\u7684\u5206\u6790\u986f\u793a\uff0c\u5728\u4eca\u5e74\u8209\u884c\u9078\u8209\u7684<span>10<\/span>\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u4e2d\uff0c\u57f7\u653f\u9ee8\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u90fd\u4e0d\u5982\u4e0a\u5c46\u9078\u8209\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u4e5f\u8207\u9ad8\u901a\u8139\u6709\u95dc\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6839\u64da\u6c11\u8abf\uff0c\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e8c\u7684\u7f8e\u570b\u9078\u6c11\u5c0d\u7d93\u6fdf\u7d66\u4e88\u52a3\u8a55\uff0c\u6536\u5165\u8f03\u4f4e\u7684\u4e00\u7fa4\u50be\u5411\u65bc\u652f\u6301\u7279\u6717\u666e\u3002<span>2020<\/span>\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u4ee5<span>15<\/span>\u500b\u767e\u5206\u9ede\u7684\u5dee\u8ddd\u5931\u53bb\u6536\u5165\u4ecb\u4e4e<span>5<\/span>\u842c\u81f3<span>10<\/span>\u842c\u7684\u9078\u6c11\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u9019\u6b21\u9078\u8209\u4e2d\u537b\u9006\u8f49\u7372\u52dd\u3002\u6c11\u4e3b\u9ee8\u4eba\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\u99ac\u65af\u6d1b\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u5c64\u6b21\u7406\u8ad6\uff08<span>Maslow&#8217;s Hierarchy of Needs<\/span>\uff09\uff1a\u57fa\u672c\u9700\u8981\uff08\u5982\u8ca1\u52d9\u7a69\u5065\u548c\u8eab\u5fc3\u5065\u5eb7\uff09\u5fc5\u9808\u5148\u884c\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u518d\u6eff\u8db3\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u5728\u7af6\u9078\u6d3b\u52d5\u4e2d\uff0c\u6c11\u4e3b\u9ee8\u805a\u7126\u65bc\u6c11\u4e3b\u7b49\u8b70\u984c\u800c\u5ffd\u7565\u7d93\u6fdf\u3002\u66fe\u7d93\u662f\u8a72\u9ee8\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\u968e\u7d1a\u9078\u6c11\u4e0d\u518d\u4e88\u4ee5\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u56e0\u6108\u4f86\u6108\u591a\u4eba\u6309\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u5229\u76ca\u4f86\u6295\u7968\u3002\u9ee8\u5167\u5c0d\u6557\u9078\u7d50\u679c\u83ab\u8877\u4e00\u662f\uff0c\u66f4\u51fa\u73fe\u4e92\u76f8\u6307\u6458\u3002\u5982\u6b64\u53cd\u61c9\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u5c31\u80fd\u628a\u9078\u7968\u8d0f\u56de\u4f86\uff1f\u7b54\u6848\u4e0d\u8a00\u800c\u55bb\u3002\u653f\u6cbb\u6307\u6458\u4f0e\u5006\u5c64\u51fa\u4e0d\u7aae\uff0c\u7686\u56e0\u653f\u9ee8\u6216\u9818\u5c0e\u4eba\u85c9\u6b64\u9032\u884c\u653f\u6cbb\u64cd\u5f04\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5927\u6b0a\u5728\u63e1\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h5>\u4f01\u696d\u5378\u8cac\u6587\u5316<\/h5>\n<p><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5546\u696d\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e92\u76f8\u6307\u6458\u78ba\u4e5f\u9817\u70ba\u666e\u904d\u3002\u8b6c\u5982\u4e00\u5bb6\u516c\u53f8\u9762\u81e8\u5b58\u4ea1\u5371\u6a5f\uff0c\u8cac\u4efb\u7684\u5206\u914d\u5c07\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u97ff\u5176\u80a1\u50f9\u548c\u6295\u8cc7\u8005\u7684\u4fe1\u5fc3\u3002\u5047\u4f7f\u7ba1\u7406\u5c64\u53ea\u7ba1\u627e\u66ff\u7f6a\u7f8a\uff0c\u54ea\u6015\u662f\u8c61\u5fb5\u5f0f\u7684\u4ee3\u7f6a\u7f94\u7f8a\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u4ea6\u96e3\u9003\u8870\u6557\u7684\u5384\u904b\u3002\u5f9e\u7ba1\u7406\u5b78\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u53ef\u898b\uff0c\u5c07\u516c\u53f8\u5931\u6557\u6b78\u548e\u65bc\u5916\u90e8\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u5c64\uff0c\u5176\u6574\u9ad4\u8868\u73fe\u5f80\u5f80\u4e0d\u53ca\u627f\u8a8d\u81ea\u8eab\u8cac\u4efb\u4e26\u81ea\u6211\u53cd\u7701\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u3002\u5728\u7015\u81e8\u7834\u7522\u7684\u4f01\u696d\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u4e0d\u5c11\u7d93\u7406\u5c07\u696d\u7e3e\u6b20\u4f73\u59d4\u904e\u65bc\u5176\u4ed6\u90e8\u9580\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u5c64\u82e5\u6709\u8cac\u4efb\u611f\uff0c\u5247\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u8f49\u8667\u70ba\u76c8\uff0c\u8b93\u696d\u52d9\u91cd\u4e0a\u8ecc\u9053\u3002\u524d\u4e8b\u4e0d\u5fd8\uff0c\u5f8c\u4e8b\u4e4b\u5e2b\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u6c72\u53d6\u6559\u8a13\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u907f\u514d\u91cd\u8e48\u8986\u8f4d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4e92\u76f8\u6307\u6458\u4e5f\u8db3\u4ee5\u52a9\u9577\u98a8\u96aa\u898f\u907f\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u54e1\u5de5\u56e0\u5bb3\u6015\u53d7\u8cac\u5099\u800c\u4e0d\u6562\u4e3b\u52d5\u884c\u4e8b\uff0c\u6216\u7919\u65bc\u4e0d\u9858\u5206\u4eab\u60f3\u6cd5\u800c\u7a92\u7919\u5275\u610f\u3002\u773e\u6240\u5468\u77e5\uff0c\u6210\u529f\u7684\u4f01\u696d\u6709\u8cf4\u66a2\u9806\u7684\u904b\u4f5c\uff1b\u7ba1\u7406\u5c64\u5fc5\u9808\u81f4\u529b\u57f9\u990a\u5718\u968a\u5408\u4f5c\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u4ee5\u89e3\u6c7a\u516c\u53f8\u5167\u90e8\u7684\u5206\u6b67\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h5>\u300c\u7121\u904e\u5931\u300d\u8abf\u67e5\u7684\u555f\u793a<\/h5>\n<p><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u53cd\u89c0\u4e00\u4e9b\u884c\u696d\u65e9\u5df2\u8a8d\u8b58\u5230\u6307\u6458\u7684\u5f0a\u7aef\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u822a\u7a7a\u696d\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u964d\u4f4e\u610f\u5916\u4e8b\u6545\u4e00\u74b0\u53d6\u5f97\u6210\u6548\uff0c\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u53d7\u60e0\u65bc\u300c\u7121\u904e\u5931\u300d\u8abf\u67e5\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\uff0c\u8ca0\u8cac\u8abf\u67e5\u6709\u95dc\u4e8b\u6545\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u904b\u8f38\u5b89\u5168\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u660e\u78ba\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u8abf\u67e5\u76ee\u7684\u4e26\u975e\u8ffd\u7a76\u8cac\u4efb\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u627e\u51fa\u554f\u984c\u4e26\u63d0\u51fa\u5efa\u8b70\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u540c\u985e\u4e8b\u4ef6\u91cd\u6f14\u3002\u822a\u7a7a\u696d\u4e0d\u9032\u884c\u8ffd\u8cac\u7684\u4e8b\u5f8c\u8abf\u67e5\uff0c\u70ba\u73fe\u4ee3\u822a\u7a7a\u5b89\u5168\u5960\u4e0b\u91cd\u8981\u57fa\u77f3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9019\u7a2e\u8abf\u67e5\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u5efa\u7acb\u958b\u653e\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u9f13\u52f5\u696d\u754c\u5831\u6182\uff0c\u6700\u7d42\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u78ba\u4fdd\u6e1b\u5c11\u610f\u5916\u4e8b\u6545\u3002\u82f1\u570b\u7684\u822a\u7a7a\u76e3\u7ba1\u6a5f\u69cb\u5728\u8aa0\u5be6\u932f\u8aa4\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u932f\u8aa4\u4e4b\u9593\u5283\u754c\u7dda\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u500b\u597d\u7684\u8d77\u9ede\u3002\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u71df\u9020\u4e00\u7a2e\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u4f7f\u6a5f\u5e2b\u4e0d\u6703\u56e0\u70ba\u8207\u5176\u7d93\u9a57\u548c\u57f9\u8a13\u76f8\u7b26\u7684\u6c7a\u5b9a\u6216\u758f\u5ffd\u800c\u53d7\u5230\u61f2\u7f70\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u505a\u6cd5\u4e26\u975e\u5b8c\u5168\u514d\u8cac\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5c07\u8cac\u4efb\u7bc4\u570d\u6536\u7a84\u800c\u5df2\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u91ab\u7642\u4fdd\u5065\u9818\u57df\u4e5f\u9762\u81e8\u985e\u4f3c\u60c5\u6cc1\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u767c\u751f\u91ab\u7642\u4e8b\u6545\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\u5c0d\u75c5\u4eba\u7684\u88dc\u511f\u5236\u5ea6\u5404\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u82f1\u570b\u4f9d\u8cf4\u627e\u51fa\u904e\u5931\u7684\u8a34\u8a1f\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u800c\u7d10\u897f\u862d\u5247\u662f\u5168\u7403\u6700\u65e9\u5be6\u65bd\u91ab\u7642\u4e8b\u6545\u8655\u7406\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u3002\u7d10\u897f\u862d\u7387\u5148\u4ee5\u300c\u7121\u904e\u5931\u88dc\u511f\u300d\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f86\u8655\u7406\u91ab\u7642\u4e8b\u6545\uff0c\u4e26\u65bc<span>1974<\/span>\u5e74\u6210\u7acb\u610f\u5916\u88dc\u511f\u5c40\u8ca0\u8cac\uff0c\u63a5\u53d7\u56e0\u5de5\u4f5c\u3001\u4ea4\u901a\u6216\u91ab\u7642\u4e8b\u6545\u5c0e\u81f4\u7684\u50b7\u5bb3\u8ce0\u511f\u7533\u8acb\u3002\u5728\u9019\u4e00\u5236\u5ea6\u4e0b\uff0c\u7121\u8ad6\u91ab\u7642\u63aa\u65bd\u6216\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u9020\u6210\u7684\u50b7\u5bb3\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\uff0c\u75c5\u4eba\u5747\u53ef\u5411\u88dc\u511f\u5c40\u63d0\u51fa\u7533\u8acb\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u554f\u984c\u8207\u91ab\u7642\u8a3a\u65b7\u6216\u6c7a\u7b56\u76f8\u95dc\uff0c\u7533\u8acb\u4fbf\u53ef\u7372\u6279\u51c6\u3002\u8a72\u5236\u5ea6\u63a8\u884c\u5f8c\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u91ab\u7642\u4eba\u54e1\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u56b4\u91cd\u9055\u6cd5\uff0c\u5426\u5247\u7d10\u897f\u862d\u60a3\u8005\u5e7e\u4e4e\u7121\u6cd5\u5411\u91ab\u7642\u6a5f\u69cb\u63d0\u51fa\u8a34\u8a1f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u822a\u7a7a\u548c\u91ab\u7642\u9818\u57df\uff0c\u5f9e\u932f\u8aa4\u4e2d\u5b78\u7fd2\u7684\u52d5\u6a5f\u7279\u5f37\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5f9e\u696d\u54e1\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u751f\u547d\u96a8\u6642\u53d7\u5230\u5a01\u8105\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u7121\u7591\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8edf\u4ef6\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e2b\u548c\u958b\u767c\u4eba\u54e1\u7d93\u5e38\u9032\u884c\u300c\u7121\u904e\u5931\u7684\u4e8b\u5f8c\u5206\u6790\u300d\uff0c\u4ee5\u8abf\u67e5\u7db2\u7ad9\u5931\u9748\u6216\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u6545\u969c\u7b49\u554f\u984c\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u4e0d\u6613\u7406\u89e3\u9019\u7a2e\u4e0d\u8ffd\u8cac\u7684\u601d\u7dad\uff0c\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6<span>James Reason<\/span>\u5728<span>1990<\/span>\u5e74\u4ee3\u70ba\u6b64\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u500b\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u4ee5\u91cb\u9664\u5927\u773e\u5c0d\u7121\u80fd\u548c\u72af\u932f\u8005\u9003\u907f\u8cac\u7f70\u7684\u7591\u616e\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h5>\u554f\u8cac\u800c\u975e\u5378\u8cac<\/h5>\n<p><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u8981\u9003\u907f\u6307\u6458\u5176\u5be6\u4e26\u975e\u6613\u4e8b\u3002\u4e00\u3001\u7576\u4e8b\u4eba\u70ba\u4e86\u907f\u8cac\u5f80\u5f80\u8981\u5927\u8cbb\u5fc3\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u6307\u6458\u5225\u4eba\u53cd\u800c\u662f\u6beb\u4e0d\u8cbb\u529b\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u53cd\u61c9\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5bb9\u6613\u4ee4\u4eba\u5165\u4fe1\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u8a18\u9304\u932f\u8aa4\u4e26\u78ba\u4fdd\u6d41\u7a0b\u5f97\u4ee5\u6539\u9032\uff0c\u5247\u96e3\u514d\u6d89\u53ca\u7d50\u69cb\u6027\u7684\u8b8a\u5316\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u7121\u904e\u5931\u4e8b\u5f8c\u5206\u6790\u9577\u671f\u4ee5\u4f86\u5df2\u5c6c\u8c37\u6b4c\u4f01\u696d\u6587\u5316\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u8a72\u516c\u53f8\u70ba\u6b64\u63d0\u4f9b\u6a21\u677f\u3001\u53cd\u994b\u548c\u8a0e\u8ad6\u5c0f\u7d44\u3002\u4e8c\u3001\u4f01\u696d\u7ba1\u7406\u5c64\u65e2\u7136\u5927\u6b0a\u5728\u63e1\uff0c\u6307\u6458\u5c6c\u4e0b\u50f1\u54e1\u4e5f\u5c31\u8f15\u800c\u6613\u8209\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u52a0\u5dde\u5927\u5b78\u8056\u5730\u7259\u54e5\u5206\u6821\u548c\u65b0\u52a0\u5761\u5357\u6d0b\u7406\u5de5\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u5b78\u8005\u6700\u8fd1\u5408\u4f5c\u767c\u8868\u4e00\u7bc7\u7814\u7a76\u8ad6\u6587\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u7576\u6b0a\u8005\u5f80\u5f80\u8a8d\u70ba\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u6703\u5c07\u5931\u6557\u6b78\u548e\u65bc\u4ed6\u5011\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u9805\u5be6\u9a57\u4e2d\uff0c\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u88ab\u96a8\u6a5f\u5206\u914d\u70ba\u4e3b\u7ba1\u6216\u5de5\u4eba\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u6aa2\u8996\u6709\u95dc\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u7d00\u9304\u3002\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u90fd\u6536\u5230\u9053\u6b49\u4fe1\uff0c\u8072\u660e\u7db2\u7d61\u9023\u63a5\u4e0d\u7a69\u5b9a\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u4efb\u52d9\u7121\u6cd5\u6b63\u5e38\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u7d50\u679c\u626e\u6f14\u4e3b\u7ba1\u8005\u6bcf\u591a\u8a8d\u5b9a\u6284\u5beb\u54e1\u61c9\u70ba\u5931\u8aa4\u8ca0\u8cac\uff0c\u4e3b\u5f35\u524b\u6263\u5176\u5831\u916c\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u898b\u638c\u6b0a\u8207\u65bd\u7f70\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6307\u6458\u5225\u4eba\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e5f\u5177\u50b3\u67d3\u6027\u3002<span>2009<\/span>\u5e74\uff0c\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u5b78\u8005<span>David Sherman <\/span>\u548c<span> John Klein<\/span>\u767c\u8868\u5408\u8457\u8ad6\u6587<a href=\"#\u8a3b\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011<\/a>\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u500b\u5be6\u9a57\u8981\u6c42\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u95b1\u8b80\u6709\u95dc\u653f\u6cbb\u5931\u6557\u7684\u65b0\u805e\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5beb\u4e0b\u653f\u5ba2\u7684\u904e\u5931\u3002\u8b80\u5230\u95dc\u65bc\u653f\u5ba2\u5c07\u5931\u6557\u6b78\u548e\u65bc\u7279\u6b8a\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u5831\u9053\u6642\uff0c\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u5c07\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5931\u6557\u8cac\u4efb\u63a8\u5378\u7d66\u5225\u4eba\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u8b80\u5230\u653f\u5ba2\u627f\u64d4\u8cac\u4efb\u7684\u53c3\u8207\u8005\uff0c\u5247\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u80af\u70ba\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\u8ca0\u8cac\u3002\u540c\u7406\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u9ad8\u5c64\u82e5\u8f15\u6613\u6307\u6458\u5225\u4eba\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u54e1\u5de5\u4e5f\u6703\u6709\u6a23\u5b78\u6a23\u3002\u5982\u6b64\u4e00\u4f86\uff0c\u4e0d\u96e3\u884d\u751f\u51fa\u4e00\u7a2e\u63a8\u5378\u8cac\u4efb\u7684\u6307\u6458\u6587\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u540c\u6587\u5316\u5c0d\u65bc\u5931\u8cac\u548c\u6307\u6458\u7684\u5bb9\u5fcd\u5ea6\u4e0d\u76e1\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u96c6\u9ad4\u4e3b\u7fa9\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0e\u81f4\u5171\u540c\u6307\u6458\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u500b\u4eba\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\uff0c\u500b\u4eba\u6307\u6458\u5247\u8f03\u5e38\u898b\u3002\u76f8\u4e92\u6307\u6458\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u5f37\u8abf\u4eba\u985e\u884c\u70ba\u8207\u7d93\u6fdf\u7d50\u679c\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u9019\u4e9b\u52d5\u614b\u95dc\u4fc2\u7576\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u6a5f\u69cb\u5275\u9020\u51fa\u66f4\u5177\u5efa\u8a2d\u6027\u7684\u74b0\u5883\uff0c\u6e1b\u5c11\u8ac9\u904e\u65bc\u4eba\uff0c\u4ee5\u9f13\u52f5\u554f\u8cac\u548c\u5408\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a id=\"\u8a3b\" name=\"\u8a3b\"><\/a>\u8a3b\uff1a<span>Sherman, D. K. and John M. Klein, &#8220;Failure to Blame: The Effect of Collective Blame on Self-Attribution.&#8221; Psychological Science, 2009.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8b1d\u570b\u751f\u535a\u58eb<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\u6e2f\u5927\u7d93\u7ba1\u5b78\u9662\u91d1\u878d\u5b78\u9996\u5e2d\u8b1b\u5e2b\u3001\u65b0\u754c\u9109\u8b70\u5c40\u7576\u7136\u57f7\u884c\u59d4\u54e1<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4f55\u654f\u6dd9\u5148\u751f<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\u9999\u6e2f\u5927\u5b78\u9644\u5c6c\u5b78\u9662\u8b1b\u5e2b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\uff08\u672c\u6587\u540c\u6642\u65bc\u4e8c\u96f6\u4e8c\u56db\u5e74\u5341\u4e00\u6708\u4e8c\u5341\u4e03\u65e5\u8f09\u65bc\u300a\u4fe1\u5831\u300b\u300c\u9f8d\u864e\u5c71\u4e0b\u300d\u5c08\u6b04\uff09<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"no","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"tags":[],"class_list":["post-224792","thought-leadership","type-thought-leadership","status-publish","hentry","leadership-topic-categories-hkej-column-tc","in-the-media-topic-categories-faculty-tc"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 4.9.10 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" 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Klein\u767c\u8868\u5408\u8457\u8ad6\u6587\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u500b\u5be6\u9a57\u8981\u6c42\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u95b1\u8b80\u6709\u95dc\u653f\u6cbb\u5931\u6557\u7684\u65b0\u805e\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5beb\u4e0b\u653f\u5ba2\u7684\u904e\u5931\u3002\u8b80\u5230\u95dc\u65bc\u653f\u5ba2\u5c07\u5931\u6557\u6b78\u548e\u65bc\u7279\u6b8a\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u5831\u9053\u6642\uff0c\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u5c07\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5931\u6557\u8cac\u4efb\u63a8\u5378\u7d66\u5225\u4eba\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u8b80\u5230\u653f\u5ba2\u627f\u64d4\u8cac\u4efb\u7684\u53c3\u8207\u8005\uff0c\u5247\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u80af\u70ba\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\u8ca0\u8cac\u3002\u540c\u7406\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u9ad8\u5c64\u82e5\u8f15\u6613\u6307\u6458\u5225\u4eba\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u54e1\u5de5\u4e5f\u6703\u6709\u6a23\u5b78\u6a23\u3002\u5982\u6b64\u4e00\u4f86\uff0c\u4e0d\u96e3\u884d\u751f\u51fa\u4e00\u7a2e\u63a8\u5378\u8cac\u4efb\u7684\u6307\u6458\u6587\u5316\u3002 \u4e0d\u540c\u6587\u5316\u5c0d\u65bc\u5931\u8cac\u548c\u6307\u6458\u7684\u5bb9\u5fcd\u5ea6\u4e0d\u76e1\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u96c6\u9ad4\u4e3b\u7fa9\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0e\u81f4\u5171\u540c\u6307\u6458\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u500b\u4eba\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\uff0c\u500b\u4eba\u6307\u6458\u5247\u8f03\u5e38\u898b\u3002\u76f8\u4e92\u6307\u6458\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u5f37\u8abf\u4eba\u985e\u884c\u70ba\u8207\u7d93\u6fdf\u7d50\u679c\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u9019\u4e9b\u52d5\u614b\u95dc\u4fc2\u7576\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u6a5f\u69cb\u5275\u9020\u51fa\u66f4\u5177\u5efa\u8a2d\u6027\u7684\u74b0\u5883\uff0c\u6e1b\u5c11\u8ac9\u904e\u65bc\u4eba\uff0c\u4ee5\u9f13\u52f5\u554f\u8cac\u548c\u5408\u4f5c\u3002 \u8a3b\uff1aSherman, D. K. and John M. Klein, &quot;Failure to Blame: The Effect of Collective Blame on Self-Attribution.&quot; Psychological\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"google-site-verification=MjdkluDgHpNk2vz5slbwER2Gusw2rUDQuVULMERWzLo\" \/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hkubs.hku.hk\/tc\/research\/thought-leadership\/hkej-column\/the-culture-of-blame-reflections-on-the-u-s-election\/\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO (AIOSEO) 4.9.10\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"HKU Business School -\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u7f8e\u570b\u5927\u9078\u7d50\u679c\u6298\u5c04\u51fa\u7684\u907f\u8cac\u6587\u5316 - HKU Business School\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:description\" 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\u52a0\u5dde\u5927\u5b78\u8056\u5730\u7259\u54e5\u5206\u6821\u548c\u65b0\u52a0\u5761\u5357\u6d0b\u7406\u5de5\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u5b78\u8005\u6700\u8fd1\u5408\u4f5c\u767c\u8868\u4e00\u7bc7\u7814\u7a76\u8ad6\u6587\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u7576\u6b0a\u8005\u5f80\u5f80\u8a8d\u70ba\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u6703\u5c07\u5931\u6557\u6b78\u548e\u65bc\u4ed6\u5011\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u9805\u5be6\u9a57\u4e2d\uff0c\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u88ab\u96a8\u6a5f\u5206\u914d\u70ba\u4e3b\u7ba1\u6216\u5de5\u4eba\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u6aa2\u8996\u6709\u95dc\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u7d00\u9304\u3002\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u90fd\u6536\u5230\u9053\u6b49\u4fe1\uff0c\u8072\u660e\u7db2\u7d61\u9023\u63a5\u4e0d\u7a69\u5b9a\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u4efb\u52d9\u7121\u6cd5\u6b63\u5e38\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u7d50\u679c\u626e\u6f14\u4e3b\u7ba1\u8005\u6bcf\u591a\u8a8d\u5b9a\u6284\u5beb\u54e1\u61c9\u70ba\u5931\u8aa4\u8ca0\u8cac\uff0c\u4e3b\u5f35\u524b\u6263\u5176\u5831\u916c\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u898b\u638c\u6b0a\u8207\u65bd\u7f70\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002 \u6307\u6458\u5225\u4eba\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e5f\u5177\u50b3\u67d3\u6027\u30022009\u5e74\uff0c\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u5b78\u8005David Sherman \u548c John Klein\u767c\u8868\u5408\u8457\u8ad6\u6587\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u500b\u5be6\u9a57\u8981\u6c42\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u95b1\u8b80\u6709\u95dc\u653f\u6cbb\u5931\u6557\u7684\u65b0\u805e\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5beb\u4e0b\u653f\u5ba2\u7684\u904e\u5931\u3002\u8b80\u5230\u95dc\u65bc\u653f\u5ba2\u5c07\u5931\u6557\u6b78\u548e\u65bc\u7279\u6b8a\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u5831\u9053\u6642\uff0c\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u5c07\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5931\u6557\u8cac\u4efb\u63a8\u5378\u7d66\u5225\u4eba\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u8b80\u5230\u653f\u5ba2\u627f\u64d4\u8cac\u4efb\u7684\u53c3\u8207\u8005\uff0c\u5247\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u80af\u70ba\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\u8ca0\u8cac\u3002\u540c\u7406\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u9ad8\u5c64\u82e5\u8f15\u6613\u6307\u6458\u5225\u4eba\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u54e1\u5de5\u4e5f\u6703\u6709\u6a23\u5b78\u6a23\u3002\u5982\u6b64\u4e00\u4f86\uff0c\u4e0d\u96e3\u884d\u751f\u51fa\u4e00\u7a2e\u63a8\u5378\u8cac\u4efb\u7684\u6307\u6458\u6587\u5316\u3002 \u4e0d\u540c\u6587\u5316\u5c0d\u65bc\u5931\u8cac\u548c\u6307\u6458\u7684\u5bb9\u5fcd\u5ea6\u4e0d\u76e1\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u96c6\u9ad4\u4e3b\u7fa9\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0e\u81f4\u5171\u540c\u6307\u6458\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u500b\u4eba\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\uff0c\u500b\u4eba\u6307\u6458\u5247\u8f03\u5e38\u898b\u3002\u76f8\u4e92\u6307\u6458\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u5f37\u8abf\u4eba\u985e\u884c\u70ba\u8207\u7d93\u6fdf\u7d50\u679c\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u9019\u4e9b\u52d5\u614b\u95dc\u4fc2\u7576\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u6a5f\u69cb\u5275\u9020\u51fa\u66f4\u5177\u5efa\u8a2d\u6027\u7684\u74b0\u5883\uff0c\u6e1b\u5c11\u8ac9\u904e\u65bc\u4eba\uff0c\u4ee5\u9f13\u52f5\u554f\u8cac\u548c\u5408\u4f5c\u3002 \u8a3b\uff1aSherman, D. K. and John M. Klein, &quot;Failure to Blame: The Effect of Collective Blame on Self-Attribution.&quot; Psychological\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.hkubs.hku.hk\/tc\/research\/thought-leadership\/hkej-column\/the-culture-of-blame-reflections-on-the-u-s-election\/\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-11-28T04:47:41+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-28T04:48:57+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"\u7f8e\u570b\u5927\u9078\u7d50\u679c\u6298\u5c04\u51fa\u7684\u907f\u8cac\u6587\u5316 - HKU Business School\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"twitter:description\" 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\u4e0d\u540c\u6587\u5316\u5c0d\u65bc\u5931\u8cac\u548c\u6307\u6458\u7684\u5bb9\u5fcd\u5ea6\u4e0d\u76e1\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u96c6\u9ad4\u4e3b\u7fa9\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0e\u81f4\u5171\u540c\u6307\u6458\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u500b\u4eba\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\uff0c\u500b\u4eba\u6307\u6458\u5247\u8f03\u5e38\u898b\u3002\u76f8\u4e92\u6307\u6458\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u5f37\u8abf\u4eba\u985e\u884c\u70ba\u8207\u7d93\u6fdf\u7d50\u679c\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u9019\u4e9b\u52d5\u614b\u95dc\u4fc2\u7576\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u6a5f\u69cb\u5275\u9020\u51fa\u66f4\u5177\u5efa\u8a2d\u6027\u7684\u74b0\u5883\uff0c\u6e1b\u5c11\u8ac9\u904e\u65bc\u4eba\uff0c\u4ee5\u9f13\u52f5\u554f\u8cac\u548c\u5408\u4f5c\u3002 \u8a3b\uff1aSherman, D. K. and John M. Klein, &quot;Failure to Blame: The Effect of Collective Blame on Self-Attribution.&quot; Psychological\" \/>\n\t\t<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" 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\u6839\u64da\u6c11\u8abf\uff0c\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e8c\u7684\u7f8e\u570b\u9078\u6c11\u5c0d\u7d93\u6fdf\u7d66\u4e88\u52a3\u8a55\uff0c\u6536\u5165\u8f03\u4f4e\u7684\u4e00\u7fa4\u50be\u5411\u65bc\u652f\u6301\u7279\u6717\u666e\u30022020\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u4ee515\u500b\u767e\u5206\u9ede\u7684\u5dee\u8ddd\u5931\u53bb\u6536\u5165\u4ecb\u4e4e5\u842c\u81f310\u842c\u7684\u9078\u6c11\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u9019\u6b21\u9078\u8209\u4e2d\u537b\u9006\u8f49\u7372\u52dd\u3002\u6c11\u4e3b\u9ee8\u4eba\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\u99ac\u65af\u6d1b\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u5c64\u6b21\u7406\u8ad6\uff08Maslow's Hierarchy of 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\u6307\u6458\u5225\u4eba\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e5f\u5177\u50b3\u67d3\u6027\u30022009\u5e74\uff0c\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u5b78\u8005David Sherman \u548c John Klein\u767c\u8868\u5408\u8457\u8ad6\u6587\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u500b\u5be6\u9a57\u8981\u6c42\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u95b1\u8b80\u6709\u95dc\u653f\u6cbb\u5931\u6557\u7684\u65b0\u805e\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5beb\u4e0b\u653f\u5ba2\u7684\u904e\u5931\u3002\u8b80\u5230\u95dc\u65bc\u653f\u5ba2\u5c07\u5931\u6557\u6b78\u548e\u65bc\u7279\u6b8a\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u5831\u9053\u6642\uff0c\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u5c07\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5931\u6557\u8cac\u4efb\u63a8\u5378\u7d66\u5225\u4eba\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u8b80\u5230\u653f\u5ba2\u627f\u64d4\u8cac\u4efb\u7684\u53c3\u8207\u8005\uff0c\u5247\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u80af\u70ba\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\u8ca0\u8cac\u3002\u540c\u7406\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u9ad8\u5c64\u82e5\u8f15\u6613\u6307\u6458\u5225\u4eba\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u54e1\u5de5\u4e5f\u6703\u6709\u6a23\u5b78\u6a23\u3002\u5982\u6b64\u4e00\u4f86\uff0c\u4e0d\u96e3\u884d\u751f\u51fa\u4e00\u7a2e\u63a8\u5378\u8cac\u4efb\u7684\u6307\u6458\u6587\u5316\u3002 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K. and John M. Klein, \"Failure to Blame: The Effect of Collective Blame on Self-Attribution.\" 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\u6839\u64da\u6c11\u8abf\uff0c\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e8c\u7684\u7f8e\u570b\u9078\u6c11\u5c0d\u7d93\u6fdf\u7d66\u4e88\u52a3\u8a55\uff0c\u6536\u5165\u8f03\u4f4e\u7684\u4e00\u7fa4\u50be\u5411\u65bc\u652f\u6301\u7279\u6717\u666e\u30022020\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u4ee515\u500b\u767e\u5206\u9ede\u7684\u5dee\u8ddd\u5931\u53bb\u6536\u5165\u4ecb\u4e4e5\u842c\u81f310\u842c\u7684\u9078\u6c11\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u9019\u6b21\u9078\u8209\u4e2d\u537b\u9006\u8f49\u7372\u52dd\u3002\u6c11\u4e3b\u9ee8\u4eba\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\u99ac\u65af\u6d1b\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u5c64\u6b21\u7406\u8ad6\uff08Maslow's Hierarchy of 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Klein\u767c\u8868\u5408\u8457\u8ad6\u6587\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u500b\u5be6\u9a57\u8981\u6c42\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u95b1\u8b80\u6709\u95dc\u653f\u6cbb\u5931\u6557\u7684\u65b0\u805e\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5beb\u4e0b\u653f\u5ba2\u7684\u904e\u5931\u3002\u8b80\u5230\u95dc\u65bc\u653f\u5ba2\u5c07\u5931\u6557\u6b78\u548e\u65bc\u7279\u6b8a\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u5831\u9053\u6642\uff0c\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u5c07\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5931\u6557\u8cac\u4efb\u63a8\u5378\u7d66\u5225\u4eba\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u8b80\u5230\u653f\u5ba2\u627f\u64d4\u8cac\u4efb\u7684\u53c3\u8207\u8005\uff0c\u5247\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u80af\u70ba\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\u8ca0\u8cac\u3002\u540c\u7406\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u9ad8\u5c64\u82e5\u8f15\u6613\u6307\u6458\u5225\u4eba\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u54e1\u5de5\u4e5f\u6703\u6709\u6a23\u5b78\u6a23\u3002\u5982\u6b64\u4e00\u4f86\uff0c\u4e0d\u96e3\u884d\u751f\u51fa\u4e00\u7a2e\u63a8\u5378\u8cac\u4efb\u7684\u6307\u6458\u6587\u5316\u3002 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K. and John M. Klein, \"Failure to Blame: The Effect of Collective Blame on Self-Attribution.\" Psychological","inLanguage":"zh-HK","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.hkubs.hku.hk\/tc\/#website"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.hkubs.hku.hk\/tc\/research\/thought-leadership\/hkej-column\/the-culture-of-blame-reflections-on-the-u-s-election\/#breadcrumblist"},"datePublished":"2024-11-28T12:47:41+08:00","dateModified":"2024-11-28T12:48:57+08:00"},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.hkubs.hku.hk\/tc\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.hkubs.hku.hk\/tc\/","name":"HKU Business School","inLanguage":"zh-HK","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.hkubs.hku.hk\/tc\/#organization"}}]},"og:locale":"en_US","og:site_name":"HKU Business School -","og:type":"article","og:title":"\u7f8e\u570b\u5927\u9078\u7d50\u679c\u6298\u5c04\u51fa\u7684\u907f\u8cac\u6587\u5316 - HKU Business 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Klein\u767c\u8868\u5408\u8457\u8ad6\u6587\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u500b\u5be6\u9a57\u8981\u6c42\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u95b1\u8b80\u6709\u95dc\u653f\u6cbb\u5931\u6557\u7684\u65b0\u805e\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5beb\u4e0b\u653f\u5ba2\u7684\u904e\u5931\u3002\u8b80\u5230\u95dc\u65bc\u653f\u5ba2\u5c07\u5931\u6557\u6b78\u548e\u65bc\u7279\u6b8a\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u5831\u9053\u6642\uff0c\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u5c07\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5931\u6557\u8cac\u4efb\u63a8\u5378\u7d66\u5225\u4eba\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u8b80\u5230\u653f\u5ba2\u627f\u64d4\u8cac\u4efb\u7684\u53c3\u8207\u8005\uff0c\u5247\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u80af\u70ba\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\u8ca0\u8cac\u3002\u540c\u7406\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u9ad8\u5c64\u82e5\u8f15\u6613\u6307\u6458\u5225\u4eba\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u54e1\u5de5\u4e5f\u6703\u6709\u6a23\u5b78\u6a23\u3002\u5982\u6b64\u4e00\u4f86\uff0c\u4e0d\u96e3\u884d\u751f\u51fa\u4e00\u7a2e\u63a8\u5378\u8cac\u4efb\u7684\u6307\u6458\u6587\u5316\u3002 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K. and John M. Klein, &quot;Failure to Blame: The Effect of Collective Blame on Self-Attribution.&quot; Psychological","og:url":"https:\/\/www.hkubs.hku.hk\/tc\/research\/thought-leadership\/hkej-column\/the-culture-of-blame-reflections-on-the-u-s-election\/","article:published_time":"2024-11-28T04:47:41+00:00","article:modified_time":"2024-11-28T04:48:57+00:00","twitter:card":"summary_large_image","twitter:title":"\u7f8e\u570b\u5927\u9078\u7d50\u679c\u6298\u5c04\u51fa\u7684\u907f\u8cac\u6587\u5316 - HKU Business 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\u5728\u822a\u7a7a\u548c\u91ab\u7642\u9818\u57df\uff0c\u5f9e\u932f\u8aa4\u4e2d\u5b78\u7fd2\u7684\u52d5\u6a5f\u7279\u5f37\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5f9e\u696d\u54e1\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u751f\u547d\u96a8\u6642\u53d7\u5230\u5a01\u8105\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u7121\u7591\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8edf\u4ef6\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e2b\u548c\u958b\u767c\u4eba\u54e1\u7d93\u5e38\u9032\u884c\u300c\u7121\u904e\u5931\u7684\u4e8b\u5f8c\u5206\u6790\u300d\uff0c\u4ee5\u8abf\u67e5\u7db2\u7ad9\u5931\u9748\u6216\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u6545\u969c\u7b49\u554f\u984c\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u4e0d\u6613\u7406\u89e3\u9019\u7a2e\u4e0d\u8ffd\u8cac\u7684\u601d\u7dad\uff0c\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6James Reason\u57281990\u5e74\u4ee3\u70ba\u6b64\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u500b\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u4ee5\u91cb\u9664\u5927\u773e\u5c0d\u7121\u80fd\u548c\u72af\u932f\u8005\u9003\u907f\u8cac\u7f70\u7684\u7591\u616e\u3002 \u554f\u8cac\u800c\u975e\u5378\u8cac \u8981\u9003\u907f\u6307\u6458\u5176\u5be6\u4e26\u975e\u6613\u4e8b\u3002\u4e00\u3001\u7576\u4e8b\u4eba\u70ba\u4e86\u907f\u8cac\u5f80\u5f80\u8981\u5927\u8cbb\u5fc3\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u6307\u6458\u5225\u4eba\u53cd\u800c\u662f\u6beb\u4e0d\u8cbb\u529b\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u53cd\u61c9\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5bb9\u6613\u4ee4\u4eba\u5165\u4fe1\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u8a18\u9304\u932f\u8aa4\u4e26\u78ba\u4fdd\u6d41\u7a0b\u5f97\u4ee5\u6539\u9032\uff0c\u5247\u96e3\u514d\u6d89\u53ca\u7d50\u69cb\u6027\u7684\u8b8a\u5316\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u7121\u904e\u5931\u4e8b\u5f8c\u5206\u6790\u9577\u671f\u4ee5\u4f86\u5df2\u5c6c\u8c37\u6b4c\u4f01\u696d\u6587\u5316\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u8a72\u516c\u53f8\u70ba\u6b64\u63d0\u4f9b\u6a21\u677f\u3001\u53cd\u994b\u548c\u8a0e\u8ad6\u5c0f\u7d44\u3002\u4e8c\u3001\u4f01\u696d\u7ba1\u7406\u5c64\u65e2\u7136\u5927\u6b0a\u5728\u63e1\uff0c\u6307\u6458\u5c6c\u4e0b\u50f1\u54e1\u4e5f\u5c31\u8f15\u800c\u6613\u8209\u3002 \u52a0\u5dde\u5927\u5b78\u8056\u5730\u7259\u54e5\u5206\u6821\u548c\u65b0\u52a0\u5761\u5357\u6d0b\u7406\u5de5\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u5b78\u8005\u6700\u8fd1\u5408\u4f5c\u767c\u8868\u4e00\u7bc7\u7814\u7a76\u8ad6\u6587\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u7576\u6b0a\u8005\u5f80\u5f80\u8a8d\u70ba\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u6703\u5c07\u5931\u6557\u6b78\u548e\u65bc\u4ed6\u5011\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u9805\u5be6\u9a57\u4e2d\uff0c\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u88ab\u96a8\u6a5f\u5206\u914d\u70ba\u4e3b\u7ba1\u6216\u5de5\u4eba\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u6aa2\u8996\u6709\u95dc\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u7d00\u9304\u3002\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u90fd\u6536\u5230\u9053\u6b49\u4fe1\uff0c\u8072\u660e\u7db2\u7d61\u9023\u63a5\u4e0d\u7a69\u5b9a\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u4efb\u52d9\u7121\u6cd5\u6b63\u5e38\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u7d50\u679c\u626e\u6f14\u4e3b\u7ba1\u8005\u6bcf\u591a\u8a8d\u5b9a\u6284\u5beb\u54e1\u61c9\u70ba\u5931\u8aa4\u8ca0\u8cac\uff0c\u4e3b\u5f35\u524b\u6263\u5176\u5831\u916c\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u898b\u638c\u6b0a\u8207\u65bd\u7f70\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002 \u6307\u6458\u5225\u4eba\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e5f\u5177\u50b3\u67d3\u6027\u30022009\u5e74\uff0c\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u5b78\u8005David Sherman \u548c John Klein\u767c\u8868\u5408\u8457\u8ad6\u6587\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u500b\u5be6\u9a57\u8981\u6c42\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u95b1\u8b80\u6709\u95dc\u653f\u6cbb\u5931\u6557\u7684\u65b0\u805e\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5beb\u4e0b\u653f\u5ba2\u7684\u904e\u5931\u3002\u8b80\u5230\u95dc\u65bc\u653f\u5ba2\u5c07\u5931\u6557\u6b78\u548e\u65bc\u7279\u6b8a\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u5831\u9053\u6642\uff0c\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u5c07\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5931\u6557\u8cac\u4efb\u63a8\u5378\u7d66\u5225\u4eba\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u8b80\u5230\u653f\u5ba2\u627f\u64d4\u8cac\u4efb\u7684\u53c3\u8207\u8005\uff0c\u5247\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u80af\u70ba\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\u8ca0\u8cac\u3002\u540c\u7406\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u9ad8\u5c64\u82e5\u8f15\u6613\u6307\u6458\u5225\u4eba\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u54e1\u5de5\u4e5f\u6703\u6709\u6a23\u5b78\u6a23\u3002\u5982\u6b64\u4e00\u4f86\uff0c\u4e0d\u96e3\u884d\u751f\u51fa\u4e00\u7a2e\u63a8\u5378\u8cac\u4efb\u7684\u6307\u6458\u6587\u5316\u3002 \u4e0d\u540c\u6587\u5316\u5c0d\u65bc\u5931\u8cac\u548c\u6307\u6458\u7684\u5bb9\u5fcd\u5ea6\u4e0d\u76e1\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u96c6\u9ad4\u4e3b\u7fa9\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0e\u81f4\u5171\u540c\u6307\u6458\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u500b\u4eba\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\uff0c\u500b\u4eba\u6307\u6458\u5247\u8f03\u5e38\u898b\u3002\u76f8\u4e92\u6307\u6458\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u5f37\u8abf\u4eba\u985e\u884c\u70ba\u8207\u7d93\u6fdf\u7d50\u679c\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u9019\u4e9b\u52d5\u614b\u95dc\u4fc2\u7576\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u6a5f\u69cb\u5275\u9020\u51fa\u66f4\u5177\u5efa\u8a2d\u6027\u7684\u74b0\u5883\uff0c\u6e1b\u5c11\u8ac9\u904e\u65bc\u4eba\uff0c\u4ee5\u9f13\u52f5\u554f\u8cac\u548c\u5408\u4f5c\u3002 \u8a3b\uff1aSherman, D. K. and John M. Klein, &quot;Failure to Blame: The Effect of Collective Blame on Self-Attribution.&quot; Psychological"},"aioseo_meta_data":{"post_id":"224792","title":null,"description":null,"keywords":[],"keyphrases":{"focus":{"keyphrase":"","score":0,"analysis":{"keyphraseInTitle":{"score":0,"maxScore":9,"error":1}}},"additional":[]},"primary_term":null,"canonical_url":null,"og_title":null,"og_description":null,"og_object_type":"default","og_image_type":"default","og_image_url":null,"og_image_width":null,"og_image_height":null,"og_image_custom_url":null,"og_image_custom_fields":null,"og_video":"","og_custom_url":null,"og_article_section":null,"og_article_tags":[],"twitter_use_og":false,"twitter_card":"default","twitter_image_type":"default","twitter_image_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_fields":null,"twitter_title":null,"twitter_description":null,"schema":{"blockGraphs":[],"customGraphs":[],"default":{"data":{"Article":[],"Course":[],"Dataset":[],"FAQPage":[],"Movie":[],"Person":[],"Product":[],"ProductReview":[],"Car":[],"Recipe":[],"Service":[],"SoftwareApplication":[],"WebPage":[]},"graphName":"WebPage","isEnabled":true},"graphs":[]},"schema_type":"default","schema_type_options":null,"pillar_content":false,"robots_default":true,"robots_noindex":false,"robots_noarchive":false,"robots_nosnippet":false,"robots_nofollow":false,"robots_noimageindex":false,"robots_noodp":false,"robots_notranslate":false,"robots_max_snippet":"-1","robots_max_videopreview":"-1","robots_max_imagepreview":"large","priority":null,"frequency":"default","local_seo":null,"breadcrumb_settings":null,"limit_modified_date":0,"ai":null,"created":"2024-11-28 04:48:01","updated":"2024-11-28 04:49:03","seo_analyzer_scan_date":null},"aioseo_breadcrumb":"<div class=\"aioseo-breadcrumbs\"><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hkubs.hku.hk\/tc\/\" title=\"Home\">Home<\/a>\n\t\t<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb-separator\">&raquo;<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hkubs.hku.hk\/tc\/thought-leadership\/hkej-column-tc\/\" title=\"\u9f8d\u864e\u5c71\u4e0b\">\u9f8d\u864e\u5c71\u4e0b<\/a>\n\t\t<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb-separator\">&raquo;<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb\">\n\t\t\t\u7f8e\u570b\u5927\u9078\u7d50\u679c\u6298\u5c04\u51fa\u7684\u907f\u8cac\u6587\u5316\n\t\t<\/span><\/div>","aioseo_breadcrumb_json":[{"label":"Home","link":"https:\/\/www.hkubs.hku.hk\/tc\/"},{"label":"\u9f8d\u864e\u5c71\u4e0b","link":"https:\/\/www.hkubs.hku.hk\/tc\/thought-leadership\/hkej-column-tc\/"},{"label":"\u7f8e\u570b\u5927\u9078\u7d50\u679c\u6298\u5c04\u51fa\u7684\u907f\u8cac\u6587\u5316","link":"https:\/\/www.hkubs.hku.hk\/tc\/research\/thought-leadership\/hkej-column\/the-culture-of-blame-reflections-on-the-u-s-election\/"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hkubs.hku.hk\/tc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/thought-leadership\/224792","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hkubs.hku.hk\/tc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/thought-leadership"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hkubs.hku.hk\/tc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/thought-leadership"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hkubs.hku.hk\/tc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/thought-leadership\/224792\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":224793,"href":"https:\/\/www.hkubs.hku.hk\/tc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/thought-leadership\/224792\/revisions\/224793"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hkubs.hku.hk\/tc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=224792"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hkubs.hku.hk\/tc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=224792"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}