{"id":204102,"date":"2023-12-06T10:30:12","date_gmt":"2023-12-06T02:30:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hkubs.hku.hk\/?p=204102&post_type=thought-leadership&preview_id=204102"},"modified":"2023-12-07T15:11:44","modified_gmt":"2023-12-07T07:11:44","slug":"%e5%9c%8b%e9%9a%9b%e6%8a%95%e8%b3%87%e4%bb%b2%e8%a3%81%e5%b0%8d%e6%b8%af%e4%bc%81%e7%9a%84%e5%95%9f%e7%a4%ba-2","status":"publish","type":"thought-leadership","link":"https:\/\/www.hkubs.hku.hk\/tc\/research\/thought-leadership\/opinions-and-speeches\/%e5%9c%8b%e9%9a%9b%e6%8a%95%e8%b3%87%e4%bb%b2%e8%a3%81%e5%b0%8d%e6%b8%af%e4%bc%81%e7%9a%84%e5%95%9f%e7%a4%ba-2\/","title":{"rendered":"\u570b\u969b\u6295\u8cc7\u4ef2\u88c1\u5c0d\u6e2f\u4f01\u7684\u555f\u793a"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u6295\u8cc7\u8005\u8207\u570b\u5bb6\u722d\u8b70\u89e3\u6c7a\u6a5f\u5236\uff08Investor-State Dispute Settlement\uff0c\u7c21\u7a31ISDS\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u89e3\u6c7a\u8de8\u570b\u6295\u8cc7\u722d\u8b70\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u6e96\u8a31\u5916\u570b\u6295\u8cc7\u8005\u5728\u6295\u8cc7\u6240\u5728\u5730\u51fa\u73fe\u6295\u8cc7\u9805\u76ee\u7684\u722d\u8b70\u6642\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u570b\u969b\u4ef2\u88c1\u6a5f\u69cb\u6216\u8abf\u89e3\u54e1\uff08 \u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7576\u5730\u6cd5\u9662\uff09\u4f86\u89e3\u6c7a\u554f\u984c\u3002 ISDS\u901a\u5e38\u4f5c\u70ba\u96d9\u908a\u6295\u8cc7\u5354\u5b9a\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u570b\u969b\u6295\u8cc7\u5354\u5b9a\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u70ba\u5916\u570b\u6295\u8cc7\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u4fdd\u8b77\uff0c\u4ee5\u78ba\u4fdd\u5176\u5728\u6771\u9053\u570b\u7684\u6295\u8cc7\u514d\u53d7\u4e0d\u516c\u5e73\u5f85\u9047\u3001\u6b67\u8996\u6216\u4e0d\u7576\u5e79\u9810\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b64\u4e00\u6a5f\u5236\u5728\u570b\u969b\u6295\u8cc7\u8005\u9047\u5230\u6771\u9053\u570b\u653f\u5e9c\u63a1\u53d6\u4e0d\u5229\u65bc\u5176\u6295\u8cc7\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u884c\u52d5\u6642\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u5c0b\u6c42\u63f4\u52a9\u548c\u7533\u7d22\u8ce0\u511f\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u589e\u5f37\u570b\u969b\u6295\u8cc7\u74b0\u5883\u7684\u900f\u660e\u5ea6\u548c\u53ef\u9810\u6e2c\u6027\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u63a8\u52d5\u5168\u7403\u7d93\u6fdf\u767c\u5c55\u3002 \u7136\u800c\uff0cISDS\u4e5f\u88ab\u6279\u8a55\u70ba\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u524a\u5f31\u6771\u9053\u570b\u4e3b\u6b0a\uff0c\u5f71\u97ff\u5236\u5b9a\u548c\u5be6\u65bd\u516c\u5171\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5927\u5e45\u63a8\u9ad8\u570b\u969b\u4ef2\u88c1\u8cbb\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\u722d\u8b70\u6848\u4ef6\u6578\u91cf\u6301\u7e8c\u4e0a\u5347<\/h5>\n

\u8fd110\u5e74\u4f86\uff0cISDS\u6848\u4ef6\u6578\u91cf\u6301\u7e8c\u4e0a\u5347\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u65b0\u8208\u5e02\u5834\u570b\u5bb6\u3002 \u6839\u64da\u806f\u5408\u570b\u8cbf\u6613\u8207\u767c\u5c55\u6703\u8b70\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u622a\u81f32022\u5e74\u5e95\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u5df2\u7d2f\u8a08\u5c07\u8fd11,300\u5b97ISDS\u6848\u4ef6\u3002 \u5118\u7ba12020\u5e74\u65b0\u51a0\u80ba\u708e\u75ab\u60c5\u5c0e\u81f4\u4e16\u754c\u7d93\u6fdf\u653e\u7de9\uff0c\u4f46ISDS\u6848\u4ef6\u6709\u589e\u7121\u6e1b\uff0c\u9810\u8a08\u672a\u4f86\u5e7e\u5e74\u4ecd\u6703\u6301\u7e8c\u4e0b\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6d89\u53caISDS\u6848\u4ef6\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u904d\u4f48\u5168\u7403\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5df2\u958b\u767c\u570b\u5bb6\u53ca\u958b\u767c\u4e2d\u570b\u5bb6\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u3001\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u3001\u963f\u6839\u5ef7\u3001\u59d4\u5167\u745e\u62c9\u3001\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u3001\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u3001\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u7b49\u662f\u4e3b\u8981\u88ab\u544a\u570b\uff0c\u6295\u8cc7\u8005\u5247\u591a\u4f86\u81ea\u7f8e\u570b\u3001\u8377\u862d\u3001\u5fb7\u570b\u3001\u82f1\u570b\u3001\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u3002 \u722d\u8b70\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u884c\u696d\u5ee3\u6cdb\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u80fd\u6e90\u3001\u57fa\u790e\u8a2d\u65bd\u3001\u7926\u7522\u3001\u91d1\u878d\u670d\u52d9\u3001\u88fd\u85e5\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

\u540c\u671f\uff0cISDS\u6848\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u91d1\u984d\u5dee\u7570\u6975\u5927\uff0c\u5f9e\u6578\u767e\u842c\u7f8e\u5143\u5230\u6578\u5341\u5104\u7f8e\u5143\u4e0d\u7b49\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5448\u4e0a\u5347\u8da8\u52e2\u3002 \u5149\u662f2018\u5e74\uff0c\u6295\u8cc7\u8005\u63d0\u4ea4\u7684ISDS\u6848\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u7406\u8ce0\u91d1\u984d\u5c31\u8d85\u904e350\u5104\u7f8e\u5143\u3002 \u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u6848\u4ef6\u7684\u4ef2\u88c1\u7d50\u679c\u90fd\u4e0d\u5229\u65bc\u6295\u8cc7\u4eba\u3002 \u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u6771\u9053\u570b\u653f\u5e9c\u5728\u8a31\u591a\u6295\u8cc7\u722d\u8b70\u4e2d\u6210\u529f\u5730\u963b\u6b62\u4e86\u6295\u8cc7\u8005\u7684\u7d22\u8ce0\u8981\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n

ISDS\u6848\u4ef6\u7684\u91d1\u984d\u548c\u6578\u91cf\u4e0a\u6f32\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u5168\u7403\u7d93\u6fdf\u6574\u5408\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u53ca\u8de8\u570b\u6295\u8cc7\u5feb\u901f\u64f4\u5c55\u3002 \u540c\u6642\uff0c\u591a\u8d77ISDS\u6848\u4ef6\u6d89\u53ca\u516c\u5171\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u74b0\u5883\u3001\u52de\u5de5\u5b89\u5168\u548c\u80fd\u6e90\u958b\u63a1\uff0c\u8207\u6295\u8cc7\u8005\u7684\u79c1\u4eba\u5229\u76ca\u7522\u751f\u660e\u986f\u885d\u7a81\uff0c\u9019\u4e5f\u5f15\u767c\u4e86\u570b\u969b\u793e\u6703\u5c0dISDS\u6a5f\u5236\u7684\u722d\u8ad6\u548c\u53cd\u601d\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u570b\u5bb6\u5df2\u7d93\u958b\u59cb\u6aa2\u8996\u5176\u6295\u8cc7 \u5354\u5b9a\u548c\u4ef2\u88c1\u6a5f\u5236\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u5c0b\u6c42\u66f4\u5e73\u8861\u7684\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8b77\u6295\u8cc7\u8005\u7684\u6b0a\u76ca\uff0c\u4e26\u78ba\u4fdd\u6771\u9053\u570b\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u516c\u5171\u653f\u7b56\u81ea\u4e3b\u6b0a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9999\u6e2f\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e00\u5927\u91d1\u878d\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u5ea6\u570b\u969b\u5316\u7684\u6295\u8cc7\u74b0\u5883\uff0c\u7a05\u5236\u512a\u52e2\u4e5f\u5438\u5f15\u4e86\u8a31\u591a\u8de8\u570b\u4f01\u696d\u524d\u4f86\u8a2d\u7acb\u5b50\u516c\u53f8\u3002 \u904e\u53bb\u5e7e\u5e74\uff0c\u9999\u6e2f\u4f01\u696d\u6d89\u53ca\u7684ISDS\u6848\u4ef6\u6578\u91cf\u76f8\u5c0d\u8f03\u5c11\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u4e0d\u5bb9\u5c0f\u89b7\u3002 \u4e0b\u6587\u7c21\u4ecb\u5169\u8d77\u91cd\u8981\u4ef2\u88c1\u6848\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5169\u5b97\u727d\u6d89\u6e2f\u4f01\u91cd\u8981\u6848\u4f8b<\/h5>\n

\u4e00\u3001Philip Morris vs Australia<\/p>\n

\u6b64\u4e00\u5099\u53d7\u95dc\u6ce8\u7684\u6848\u4ef6\u8d77\u6e90\u65bc2011\u5e74\u6fb3\u6d32\u653f\u5e9c\u9812\u5e03\u4e00\u9805\u91dd\u5c0d\u83f8\u8349\u7522\u54c1\u7684\u300a\u7121\u54c1\u724c\u5305\u88dd\u6cd5\u6848\u300b\uff08Plain Packaging Act\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u898f\u5b9a\u6240\u6709\u83f8\u8349\u7522\u54c1\u5728\u8a72\u570b\u92b7\u552e\u6642\uff0c\u5fc5\u9808\u4f7f\u7528\u7d71\u4e00\u3001\u7121\u54c1\u724c\u7684 \u5305\u88dd\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u5728\u5305\u88dd\u4e0a\u5370\u4e0a\u5927\u9762\u7a4d\u7684\u8b66\u793a\u5716\u7247\uff0c\u53ef\u898b\u653f\u7b56\u65e8\u5728\u6e1b\u5c11\u5438\u7159\u5c0d\u516c\u5171\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u5371\u5bb3\u3002 \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7e3d\u90e8\u4f4d\u65bc\u745e\u58eb\u7684\u83f2\u5229\u666e\u83ab\u91cc\u65af\u570b\u969b\uff08Philip Morris International\uff0c\u7c21\u7a31PMI\uff09\u8a8d\u70ba\u8a72\u6cd5\u898f\u4fb5\u72af\u516c\u53f8\u5728\u6fb3\u6d32\u7684\u6295\u8cc7\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u4e26\u9055\u53cd\u4e86\u6fb3\u6d32\u8207\u9999\u6e2f\u57281993\u5e74\u7c3d\u8a02\u7684\u96d9\u908a\u6295\u8cc7\u5354\u5b9a\u3002 \u56e0\u6b64\uff0cPMI\u900f\u904e\u9999\u6e2f\u5b50\u516c\u53f8\u83f2\u5229\u666e\u83ab\u91cc\u65af\u4e9e\u6d32\u96c6\u5718\u6709\u9650\u516c\u53f8\u63d0\u51fa\u91dd\u5c0d\u6fb3\u6d32\u653f\u5e9c\u7684ISDS\u4ef2\u88c1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7d93\u904e\u9577\u6642\u9593\u7684\u5be9\u7406\uff0c\u4ef2\u88c1\u5ead\u6700\u7d42\u57282015\u5e7412\u6708\u88c1\u6c7a\u7d22\u8ce0\u4e0d\u6210\u7acb\u3002 \u4ef2\u88c1\u5ead\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u83f2\u5229\u666e\u83ab\u91cc\u65af\u4e00\u65b9\u5728\u6fb3\u6d32\u653f\u5e9c\u5373\u5c07\u5be6\u65bd\u7121\u54c1\u724c\u5305\u88dd\u6cd5\u6848\u524d\uff0c\u6536\u8cfc\u4e86\u5176\u5728\u6fb3\u6d32\u7684\u6295\u8cc7\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u5728\u65bc\u900f\u904e\u6295\u8cc7\u5354\u5b9a\u7684\u4fdd\u8b77\u4f86\u6311\u6230\u8a72\u6cd5\u6848\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5224\u5b9a\u8a72\u6848\u4e0d\u5728\u5176\u7ba1\u8f44\u7bc4\u570d\u5167\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b64\u6848\u5c0dISDS\u6a5f\u5236\u7522\u751f\u4e86\u6df1\u9060\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3002 \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u88c1\u6c7a\u7a81\u986f\u4e86\u6771\u9053\u570b\u653f\u5e9c\u5728\u7dad\u8b77\u516c\u5171\u5229\u76ca\uff08\u5982\u516c\u5171\u885b\u751f\uff09\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\u6b0a\u3002 \u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u6b64\u6848\u4e5f\u5f15\u767c\u4e86\u8de8\u570b\u516c\u53f8\u900f\u904e\u7d50\u69cb\u8abf\u6574\u4f86\u5229\u7528\u6295\u8cc7\u5354\u5b9a\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\uff0c\u4fc3\u4f7f\u5404\u570b\u5728\u7c3d\u8a02\u65b0\u7684\u6295\u8cc7\u5354\u5b9a\u6642\u52a0\u500d\u56b4\u8b39\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u88ab\u6feb\u7528\u3002 \u6700\u5f8c\uff0c\u9019\u8d77\u4ef2\u88c1\u6848\u4ef6\u4ea6\u70ba\u5176\u4ed6\u570b\u5bb6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u53c3\u8003\uff0c\u5728\u5404\u5730\u63a8\u52d5\u4e86\u985e\u4f3c\u7684\u83f8\u8349\u7522\u54c1\u5305\u88dd\u653f\u7b56\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001Shift Energy vs Japan<\/p>\n

\u6b64\u4e00\u6975\u5177\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7684\u6848\u4ef6\u59cb\u65bc2020\u5e74\uff0c\u8d77\u56e0\u662f\u65e5\u672c\u653f\u5e9c\u91dd\u5c0d\u592a\u967d\u80fd\u767c\u96fb\u7522\u696d\u5be6\u65bd\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u653f\u7b56\u548c\u898f\u5b9a\u3002 \u4ee5\u9999\u6e2f\u70ba\u7ba1\u7406\u57fa\u5730\u7684Shift Energy\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u592a\u967d\u80fd\u767c\u96fb\u653f\u7b56\u5c0d\u5176\u6295\u8cc7\u5229\u76ca\u69cb\u6210\u4e86\u640d\u5bb3\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6839\u64da\u9999\u6e2f\u548c\u65e5\u672c\u57281997\u5e74\u7c3d\u8a02\u7684\u96d9\u908a\u6295\u8cc7\u5354\u5b9a\uff0c\u5411\u65e5\u672c\u653f\u5e9c\u63d0\u51fa\u501fISDS\u4ef2\u88c1\u4f86\u89e3\u6c7a\u722d\u8b70\u3002<\/p>\n

\u96d6\u7136\u6848\u4ef6\u4ecd\u5728\u9032\u884c\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f46\u5c0dISDS\u6a5f\u5236\u548c\u5168\u7403\u518d\u751f\u80fd\u6e90\u5e02\u5834\u5df2\u7522\u751f\u4e00\u5b9a\u5f71\u97ff\u3002 \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6b64\u6848\u986f\u793a\u5728\u570b\u969b\u6295\u8cc7\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u5916\u570b\u6295\u8cc7\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u5c0d\u6771\u9053\u570b\u653f\u5e9c\u95dc\u65bc\u518d\u751f\u80fd\u6e90\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u8abf\u6574\u548c\u5be6\u65bd\u63d0\u51fa\u8cea\u7591\u3002 \u9019\u6216\u6703\u5f15\u767c\u5404\u570b\u5728\u88fd\u5b9a\u548c\u8abf\u6574\u76f8\u95dc\u653f\u7b56\u6642\u66f4\u52a0\u8b39\u614e\u3002 \u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u672c\u6848\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u7a81\u986f\u4e86ISDS\u6a5f\u5236\u5728\u5168\u7403\u80fd\u6e90\u8f49\u578b\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u89d2\u8272\u3002 \u96a8\u8457\u80fd\u6e90\u5e02\u5834\u7684\u4e0d\u65b7\u6f14\u8b8a\uff0c\u6295\u8cc7\u8005\u548c\u6771\u9053\u570b\u653f\u5e9c\u4e4b\u9593\u6216\u6703\u51fa\u73fe\u66f4\u591a\u95dc\u65bc\u80fd\u6e90\u653f\u7b56\u548c\u6295\u8cc7\u4fdd\u8b77\u7684\u722d\u8b70\uff0c\u800cISDS\u6a5f\u5236\u5c07\u5c0d\u89e3\u6c7a\u9019\u985e\u722d\u8b70\u767c\u63ee\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\u88c1\u6c7a\u5c0d\u9999\u6e2f\u6709\u4e09\u5927\u555f\u793a<\/h5>\n

ISDS\u6848\u4f8b\u5c0d\u9999\u6e2f\u4f01\u696d\u548c\u7279\u5340\u653f\u5e9c\u5177\u6709\u555f\u793a\u610f\u7fa9\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5e7e\u500b\u65b9\u9762\uff1a<\/p>\n

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