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\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u548c\u5c31\u696d\u7684\u672a\u4f86&#8221;\u300a\u4fe1\u5831\u300b\u300c<span class=\"highlight\">\u9f8d\u864e\u5c71\u4e0b<\/span>\u300d\u5c08\u6b04\uff0c2020\u5e749\u670816\u65e5<\/p>\n<p>Future of Life Institute, &#8220;Pause Giant AI Experiments: An Open Letter&#8221;, 29 Mar 2023<\/p>\n<p>Schmit, C. D., Doerr, M. J., &amp; Wagner, J. K. (2023). Leveraging IP for AI governance. Science, 379(6633), 646-648.<\/p>\n<p>Cohen, M., Hutter, M., &amp; Osborne, M. (2022). Advanced artificial agents intervene in the provision of reward. 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