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Leviev\u5192\u5145\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u947d\u77f3\u5927\u738b\u7684\u5152\u5b50\uff0c\u5728\u4ea4\u53cb\u8edf\u4ef6Tinder\u4e0a\u5148\u9396\u5b9a\u76ee\u6a19\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u548c\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u5230\u4e94\u661f\u7d1a\u9152\u5e97\u7d04\u6703\uff0c\u4ee5\u79c1\u4eba\u98db\u6a5f\u6b3e\u5f85\u4f86\u88fd\u9020\u5bcc\u8c6a\u5047\u8c61\uff1b\u53c8\u88dd\u4f5c\u88ab\u6575\u4eba\u8ffd\u8e64\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u5411\u8ca1\u52d9\u516c\u53f8\u6216\u4fe1\u7528\u5361\u516c\u53f8\u501f\u8cb8\u52a9\u5176\u89e3\u56f0\u3002\u5982\u6b64\u624b\u6cd5\u8ddf\u9f90\u6c0f\u9a19\u5c40\u5982\u51fa\u4e00\u8f4d\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u9996\u540d\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u7684\u91d1\u9322\u4ee5\u4f9b\u5176\u70ab\u5bcc\u4e4b\u7528\uff0c\u7e7c\u800c\u9a19\u53d6\u5176\u4ed6\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u3002\u64da\u4f30\u8a08\uff0c\u81ea2017\u5e74\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0cLeviev\u5df2\u6210\u529f\u8a50\u9a19\u4e86\u8d85\u904e1000\u842c\u7f8e\u5143\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u985e\u4f3c\u884c\u9a19\u624b\u6cd5\u4ea6\u66fe\u5728\u672c\u6e2f\u51fa\u73fe\uff0c\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u70ba\u4e00\u540d\u5e74\u9577\u5973\u58eb\uff0c\u5979\u8aa4\u58ae\u300c\u5047\u5192\u5b98\u54e1\u300d\u96fb\u8a71\u9a19\u5c40\uff0c\u5f9e2020\u5e748\u6708\u81f32021\u5e741\u6708\uff0c\u5206\u591a\u6b21\u5c072.5\u5104\u6e2f\u5143\u5b58\u5165\u9a19\u5f92\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u9280\u884c\u6236\u53e3\u3002\u8b66\u65b9\u5728\u672c\u6848\u62d8\u6355\u7684\u4e00\u540d\u6d89\u684878\u6b72\u7537\u5b50\uff0c\u4ed6\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u662f\u96fb\u9a19\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\uff0c\u88ab\u9a19\u5f92\u4ee52\u842c\u6e2f\u5143\u5229\u8a98\uff0c\u5e03\u4e0b\u4e00\u500b\u53c8\u4e00\u500b\u7684\u9f90\u6c0f\u9a19\u5c40\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>2.\u8cc7\u8a0a\u4e0d\u5c0d\u7a31<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u300a\u91e3\u611a\uff1a\u64cd\u7e31\u8207\u6b3a\u9a19\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u300b\uff08Phishing for Phools: The Economics of Manipulation and Deception\uff09\u5408\u8457\u66f8\u4e2d\uff0c\u5169\u4f4d\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u734e\u5f97\u4e3b\u963f\u5361\u6d1b\u592b\uff08George A. Akerlof\uff09\u548c\u5e2d\u52d2\uff08Robert J. Shiller\uff09\u6307\u51fa\u8a50\u9a19\u6e90\u65bc\u8cc7\u8a0a\u4e0d\u5c0d\u7a31\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u8cc7\u8a0a\u512a\u52e2\u7684\u4e00\u65b9\uff08\u9a19\u5f92\uff09\u5f80\u5f80\u80fd\u5f9e\u4e2d\u6f01\u5229\uff1b\u8cc7\u8a0a\u8f03\u8ca7\u4e4f\u7684\u4e00\u65b9\uff08\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\uff09\u5247\u4e0d\u514d\u5403\u8667\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7db2\u6200\u9a19\u6848\u4e2d\uff0c\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u4e00\u822c\u5f9e\u793e\u4ea4\u5e73\u53f0\u7372\u5f97\u9a19\u5f92\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u96e3\u4ee5\u6e96\u78ba\u8fa8\u5225\u771f\u507d\uff1b\u5728\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u76e3\u8b77\u95dc\u4fc2\uff08wardship relationship\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u8655\u65bc\u88ab\u76e3\u8996\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4e0d\u65b7\u88ab\u9a19\u5f92\u704c\u8f38\u4e0d\u5c0d\u7a31\u8cc7\u8a0a\u800c\u53d7\u9a19\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>3.\u975e\u7406\u6027\u884c\u70ba<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u66f8\u4e2d\u4ea6\u89f8\u53ca\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u7684\u975e\u7406\u6027\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\u9a19\u5f92\u5229\u7528\u4eba\u6027\u7684\u5f31\u9ede\uff0c\u8a98\u4f7f\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u58ae\u5165\u60c5\u7db2\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u7121\u6cd5\u81ea\u62d4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u7562\u751f\u7684\u7a4d\u84c4\u62f1\u624b\u9001\u7d66\u4e00\u500b\u5f9e\u7db2\u4e0a\u8a8d\u8b58\u7684\u964c\u751f\u4eba\uff0c\u5c6c\u975e\u7406\u6027\u884c\u70ba\u3002\u82f1\u570b\u840a\u65af\u7279\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6Monica Witty\u5728\u300a\u4e92\u806f\u7db2\u4e0a\u7684\u771f\u76f8\u3001\u8b0a\u8a00\u548c\u4fe1\u4efb\u300b\uff08Truth, Lies and Trust on the Internet\uff09\u4e00\u66f8\u4e2d\u5c0d\u7db2\u6200\u9032\u884c\u63a2\u8a0e\u3002\u5979\u8a8d\u70ba\u7531\u65bc\u96d9\u65b9\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u8a8d\u8b58\u4e0d\u6df1\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e92\u806f\u7db2\u6709\u5229\u500b\u4eba\u76e1\u60c5\u8868\u9054\u81ea\u6211\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u767c\u5c55\u51fa\u9ad8\u5ea6\u89aa\u5bc6\u7684\u8d85\u4eba\u969b\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u6642\u4ea6\u5bb9\u6613\u71df\u9020\u51fa\u4e0d\u771f\u5be6\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u5f62\u8c61\uff0c\u7522\u751f\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u4e2d\u7684\u300c\u78ba\u8a8d\u504f\u898b\u300d\uff08confirmation bias\uff09\u3002\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u5f80\u5f80\u56e0\u800c\u758f\u65bc\u9632\u7bc4\uff0c\u8f15\u4fe1\u9a19\u5f92\uff1b\u9019\u7a2e\u81ea\u52d5\u58ae\u5165\u5708\u5957\u7684\u975e\u7406\u6027\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u9a19\u5f92\u5bb9\u6613\u5f97\u624b\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7e3d\u62ec\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u7db2\u6200\u9a19\u5f92\u5f80\u5f80\u900f\u904e\u865b\u5047\u8a0a\u606f\u300c\u91e3\u611a\u300d\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5f31\u9ede\u9032\u884c\u8a50\u9a19\uff0c\u70ba\u53d7\u5bb3\u4eba\u5e36\u4f86\u7d93\u6fdf\u640d\u5931\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u611f\u60c5\u50b7\u5bb3\u3002\u8981\u63d0\u9632\u53d7\u9a19\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u78ba\u4fdd\u500b\u4eba\u8cc7\u6599\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u660e\u8fa8\u614e\u601d\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u8b58\u7834\u5305\u88dd\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7684\u5047\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u5de8\u64ce\u51f1\u6069\u65af\u5c31\u66fe\u8aaa\u904e\uff1a\u300c\u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u5c0d\u662f\u932f\uff0c\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u5bb6\u8207\u653f\u6cbb\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u89c0\u5ff5\uff0c\u90fd\u7e3d\u6bd4\u5e38\u4eba\u6240\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u66f4\u6709\u4efd\u91cf\u3002\u300d\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u5bb6\u89c0\u5bdf\u5230\u8cc7\u8a0a\u843d\u5dee\u6240\u7522\u751f\u7684\u5e02\u5834\u5931\u9748\uff0c\u6bcf\u6bcf\u4f7f\u4eba\u5728\u81ea\u7531\u5e02\u5834\u7d93\u6fdf\u6c7a\u7b56\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f5c\u51fa\u932f\u8aa4\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u591a\u53c3\u8003\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u8005\u4e4b\u8a00\uff0c\u4e26\u5b78\u7fd2\u5176\u601d\u7dad\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u5c0d\u65bc\u9632\u6b62\u53d7\u9a19\u5927\u6709\u5e6b\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u53c3\u8003\u6587\u737b\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Federal Trade Commission, \u201cProtecting Older Consumers 2019\u20132020\u201d, 18 October 2020.<\/p>\n<p>Kemp, S., Buil-Gil, D., Moneva, A., Mir\u00f3-Llinares, F., &amp; D\u00edaz-Casta\u00f1o, N. (2021), \u201cEmpty Streets, Busy Internet: A Time-Series Analysis of Cybercrime and Fraud Trends During COVID-19\u201d, Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, 73 (4), 480\u2013501.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8b1d\u570b\u751f \u6e2f\u5927\u7d93\u7ba1\u5b78\u9662\u91d1\u878d\u5b78\u9996\u5e2d\u8b1b\u5e2b\u3001\u65b0\u754c\u9109\u8b70\u5c40\u7576\u7136\u57f7\u884c\u59d4\u54e1<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7ae0\u7a4e\u829d 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