{"id":224791,"date":"2024-11-28T12:47:41","date_gmt":"2024-11-28T04:47:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hkubs.hku.hk\/research\/thought-leadership\/the-culture-of-blame-reflections-on-the-u-s-election\/"},"modified":"2024-11-28T12:50:26","modified_gmt":"2024-11-28T04:50:26","slug":"the-culture-of-blame-reflections-on-the-u-s-election","status":"publish","type":"thought-leadership","link":"https:\/\/www.hkubs.hku.hk\/sc\/research\/thought-leadership\/hkej-column\/the-culture-of-blame-reflections-on-the-u-s-election\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7f8e\u56fd\u5927\u9009\u7ed3\u679c\u6298\u5c04\u51fa\u7684\u907f\u8d23\u6587\u5316"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e92\u76f8\u6307\u6458\u6216\u5378\u8d23\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bb8\u53ea\u662f\u4e2a\u4eba\u6ca1\u62c5\u5f53\u7684\u602f\u61e6\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4f46\u653e\u5927\u5230\u793e\u4f1a\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u5c31\u8db3\u4ee5\u4ea7\u751f\u6df7\u6dc6\u516c\u4f17\u89c6\u542c\u7684\u6076\u679c\u3002\u653f\u6cbb\u4eba\u7269\u5f80\u5f80\u900f\u8fc7\u5f7c\u6b64\u6307\u6458\u6765\u8f6c\u79fb\u89c6\u7ebf\uff0c\u529b\u6c42\u8d2c\u4f4e\u5bf9\u624b\u800c\u62ac\u9ad8\u81ea\u5df1\u3002\u5728\u7ade\u4e89\u767d\u70ed\u5316\u7684\u9009\u4e3e\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u60dc\u4e00\u5207\u63a8\u5378\u8d23\u4efb\u5df2\u6210\u653f\u5ba2\u7684\u60ef\u6280\uff0c\u6216\u5bf9\u9009\u4e3e\u7ed3\u679c\u4ee5\u81f3\u672a\u6765\u7ba1\u6cbb\u548c\u653f\u7b56\u5e26\u6765\u96be\u4ee5\u60f3\u50cf\u7684\u51b2\u51fb\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h5>\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u8d25\u9009\u80cc\u540e<\/h5>\n<p><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u6708\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf\u9009\u4e3e\u7ed3\u679c\u5c18\u57c3\u843d\u5b9a\uff0c\u5171\u548c\u515a\u7279\u6717\u666e\u4ee5\u538b\u5012\u6027\u59ff\u6001\u80dc\u51fa\u3002\u8d3a\u9526\u4e3d\u60e8\u8d25\u540e\uff0c\u5176\u6240\u5c5e\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u5185\u968f\u5373\u51fa\u73b0\u5927\u4e3e\u5378\u8d23\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u77db\u5934\u76f4\u6307\u62dc\u767b\uff0c\u5f52\u548e\u4ed6\u672a\u80fd\u53ca\u65f6\u9000\u9009\uff0c\u9677\u8d3a\u9526\u4e3d\u4e8e\u5c34\u5c2c\u5883\u5730\u3002\u4e0d\u5c11\u515a\u5185\u6210\u5458\u4ea6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u62dc\u767b\u5e74\u8001\u9000\u5316\uff0c\u4e0d\u53d7\u9009\u6c11\u6b22\u8fce\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u4ed6\u53ca\u540e\u5ba3\u5e03\u9000\u9009\uff0c\u8d3a\u9526\u4e3d\u4ecd\u56e0\u53d7\u9009\u6c11\u652f\u6301\u5ea6\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u672a\u80fd\u4e8e\u660e\u5e74\u5165\u4e3b\u767d\u5bab\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u5728\u56fd\u4f1a\u6539\u9009\u4e2d\u5931\u53bb\u53c2\u8bae\u9662\u548c\u4f17\u8bae\u9662\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u6743\uff0c\u8f83<span>4<\/span>\u5e74\u524d\u8868\u73b0\u66f4\u7cdf\u3002\u6839\u636e\u300a\u7ebd\u7ea6\u65f6\u62a5\u300b\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u81ea\u62dc\u767b\u5728<span>2020<\/span>\u5e74\u51fa\u4efb\u603b\u7edf\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd<span>3100<\/span>\u591a\u4e2a\u53bf\u7684\u9009\u6c11\u5927\u90fd\u8f6c\u5411\u53f3\u503e\u3002\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u5411\u6765\u6807\u699c\u7684\u652f\u6301\u5815\u80ce\u6743\u548c\u6c11\u4e3b\u7acb\u573a\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u50cf\u7ecf\u6d4e\u548c\u79fb\u6c11\u7b49\u8feb\u5207\u8bae\u9898\u5f15\u8d77\u9009\u6c11\u5171\u9e23\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5c3d\u7ba1\u7f8e\u56fd\u5931\u4e1a\u7387\u73b0\u6b63\u7ef4\u6301\u5728\u5386\u53f2\u4f4e\u4f4d\uff0c\u80a1\u5e02\u7545\u65fa\uff0c\u4f46\u7269\u4ef7\u9ad8\u3001\u623f\u79df\u8d35\u4e5f\u662f\u4e8b\u5b9e\u3002\u62dc\u767b\u4efb\u5185\uff0c\u7269\u4ef7\u4e0a\u6da8\u8d85\u8fc7<span>20%<\/span>\u3002\u5eb7\u5948\u5c14\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5bb6\u5df4\u82cf\uff08<span>Kaushik Basu<\/span>\uff09\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5404\u79cd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6307\u6807\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u80c0\u5bf9\u653f\u6cbb\u5f71\u54cd\u6700\u5927\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u65e0\u9700\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4e5f\u5bf9\u901a\u80c0\u6709\u5207\u8eab\u611f\u53d7\u3002\u518d\u8005\uff0c\u300a\u91d1\u878d\u65f6\u62a5\u300b\u7684\u5206\u6790\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u5728\u4eca\u5e74\u4e3e\u884c\u9009\u4e3e\u7684<span>10<\/span>\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e2d\uff0c\u6267\u653f\u515a\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u90fd\u4e0d\u5982\u4e0a\u5c4a\u9009\u4e3e\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u4e5f\u4e0e\u9ad8\u901a\u80c0\u6709\u5173\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6839\u636e\u6c11\u8c03\uff0c\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e8c\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u9009\u6c11\u5bf9\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7ed9\u4e88\u52a3\u8bc4\uff0c\u6536\u5165\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u4e00\u7fa4\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u652f\u6301\u7279\u6717\u666e\u3002<span>2020<\/span>\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u4ee5<span>15<\/span>\u4e2a\u767e\u5206\u70b9\u7684\u5dee\u8ddd\u5931\u53bb\u6536\u5165\u4ecb\u4e4e<span>5<\/span>\u4e07\u81f3<span>10<\/span>\u4e07\u7684\u9009\u6c11\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u8fd9\u6b21\u9009\u4e3e\u4e2d\u5374\u9006\u8f6c\u83b7\u80dc\u3002\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u4eba\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\u9a6c\u65af\u6d1b\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u5c42\u6b21\u7406\u8bba\uff08<span>Maslow&#8217;s Hierarchy of Needs<\/span>\uff09\uff1a\u57fa\u672c\u9700\u8981\uff08\u5982\u8d22\u52a1\u7a33\u5065\u548c\u8eab\u5fc3\u5065\u5eb7\uff09\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u884c\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u6ee1\u8db3\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u5728\u7ade\u9009\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e2d\uff0c\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u805a\u7126\u4e8e\u6c11\u4e3b\u7b49\u8bae\u9898\u800c\u5ffd\u7565\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3002\u66fe\u7ecf\u662f\u8be5\u515a\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\u9636\u7ea7\u9009\u6c11\u4e0d\u518d\u4e88\u4ee5\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u56e0\u6108\u6765\u6108\u591a\u4eba\u6309\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5229\u76ca\u6765\u6295\u7968\u3002\u515a\u5185\u5bf9\u8d25\u9009\u7ed3\u679c\u83ab\u8877\u4e00\u662f\uff0c\u66f4\u51fa\u73b0\u4e92\u76f8\u6307\u6458\u3002\u5982\u6b64\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u5c31\u80fd\u628a\u9009\u7968\u8d62\u56de\u6765\uff1f\u7b54\u6848\u4e0d\u8a00\u800c\u55bb\u3002\u653f\u6cbb\u6307\u6458\u4f0e\u4fe9\u5c42\u51fa\u4e0d\u7a77\uff0c\u7686\u56e0\u653f\u515a\u6216\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u501f\u6b64\u8fdb\u884c\u653f\u6cbb\u64cd\u5f04\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5927\u6743\u5728\u63e1\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h5>\u4f01\u4e1a\u5378\u8d23\u6587\u5316<\/h5>\n<p><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5546\u4e1a\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e92\u76f8\u6307\u6458\u786e\u4e5f\u9887\u4e3a\u666e\u904d\u3002\u8b6c\u5982\u4e00\u5bb6\u516c\u53f8\u9762\u4e34\u5b58\u4ea1\u5371\u673a\uff0c\u8d23\u4efb\u7684\u5206\u914d\u5c06\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u5176\u80a1\u4ef7\u548c\u6295\u8d44\u8005\u7684\u4fe1\u5fc3\u3002\u5047\u4f7f\u7ba1\u7406\u5c42\u53ea\u7ba1\u627e\u66ff\u7f6a\u7f8a\uff0c\u54ea\u6015\u662f\u8c61\u5f81\u5f0f\u7684\u4ee3\u7f6a\u7f94\u7f8a\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u4ea6\u96be\u9003\u8870\u8d25\u7684\u5384\u8fd0\u3002\u4ece\u7ba1\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u5c06\u516c\u53f8\u5931\u8d25\u5f52\u548e\u4e8e\u5916\u90e8\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u5c42\uff0c\u5176\u6574\u4f53\u8868\u73b0\u5f80\u5f80\u4e0d\u53ca\u627f\u8ba4\u81ea\u8eab\u8d23\u4efb\u5e76\u81ea\u6211\u53cd\u7701\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u3002\u5728\u6fd2\u4e34\u7834\u4ea7\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u4e0d\u5c11\u7ecf\u7406\u5c06\u4e1a\u7ee9\u6b20\u4f73\u59d4\u8fc7\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u90e8\u95e8\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u5c42\u82e5\u6709\u8d23\u4efb\u611f\uff0c\u5219\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u8f6c\u4e8f\u4e3a\u76c8\uff0c\u8ba9\u4e1a\u52a1\u91cd\u4e0a\u8f68\u9053\u3002\u524d\u4e8b\u4e0d\u5fd8\uff0c\u540e\u4e8b\u4e4b\u5e08\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u6c72\u53d6\u6559\u8bad\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u907f\u514d\u91cd\u8e48\u8986\u8f99\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4e92\u76f8\u6307\u6458\u4e5f\u8db3\u4ee5\u52a9\u957f\u98ce\u9669\u89c4\u907f\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u5458\u5de5\u56e0\u5bb3\u6015\u53d7\u8d23\u5907\u800c\u4e0d\u6562\u4e3b\u52a8\u884c\u4e8b\uff0c\u6216\u788d\u4e8e\u4e0d\u613f\u5206\u4eab\u60f3\u6cd5\u800c\u7a92\u788d\u521b\u610f\u3002\u4f17\u6240\u5468\u77e5\uff0c\u6210\u529f\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u6709\u8d56\u7545\u987a\u7684\u8fd0\u4f5c\uff1b\u7ba1\u7406\u5c42\u5fc5\u987b\u81f4\u529b\u57f9\u517b\u56e2\u961f\u5408\u4f5c\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u4ee5\u89e3\u51b3\u516c\u53f8\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u5206\u6b67\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h5>\u201c\u65e0\u8fc7\u5931\u201d\u8c03\u67e5\u7684\u542f\u793a<\/h5>\n<p><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u53cd\u89c2\u4e00\u4e9b\u884c\u4e1a\u65e9\u5df2\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u6307\u6458\u7684\u5f0a\u7aef\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u822a\u7a7a\u4e1a\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u964d\u4f4e\u610f\u5916\u4e8b\u6545\u4e00\u73af\u53d6\u5f97\u6210\u6548\uff0c\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u53d7\u60e0\u4e8e\u201c\u65e0\u8fc7\u5931\u201d\u8c03\u67e5\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u8c03\u67e5\u6709\u5173\u4e8b\u6545\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u8fd0\u8f93\u5b89\u5168\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u660e\u786e\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u8c03\u67e5\u76ee\u7684\u5e76\u975e\u8ffd\u7a76\u8d23\u4efb\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u627e\u51fa\u95ee\u9898\u5e76\u63d0\u51fa\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u540c\u7c7b\u4e8b\u4ef6\u91cd\u6f14\u3002\u822a\u7a7a\u4e1a\u4e0d\u8fdb\u884c\u8ffd\u8d23\u7684\u4e8b\u540e\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u4e3a\u73b0\u4ee3\u822a\u7a7a\u5b89\u5168\u5960\u4e0b\u91cd\u8981\u57fa\u77f3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u8c03\u67e5\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5efa\u7acb\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u9f13\u52b1\u4e1a\u754c\u62a5\u5fe7\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u786e\u4fdd\u51cf\u5c11\u610f\u5916\u4e8b\u6545\u3002\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u822a\u7a7a\u76d1\u7ba1\u673a\u6784\u5728\u8bda\u5b9e\u9519\u8bef\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u9519\u8bef\u4e4b\u95f4\u5212\u754c\u7ebf\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e2a\u597d\u7684\u8d77\u70b9\u3002\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u8425\u9020\u4e00\u79cd\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u4f7f\u673a\u5e08\u4e0d\u4f1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0e\u5176\u7ecf\u9a8c\u548c\u57f9\u8bad\u76f8\u7b26\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u6216\u758f\u5ffd\u800c\u53d7\u5230\u60e9\u7f5a\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\u5e76\u975e\u5b8c\u5168\u514d\u8d23\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5c06\u8d23\u4efb\u8303\u56f4\u6536\u7a84\u800c\u5df2\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u5065\u9886\u57df\u4e5f\u9762\u4e34\u7c7b\u4f3c\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u53d1\u751f\u533b\u7597\u4e8b\u6545\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\u5bf9\u75c5\u4eba\u7684\u8865\u507f\u5236\u5ea6\u5404\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u82f1\u56fd\u4f9d\u8d56\u627e\u51fa\u8fc7\u5931\u7684\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u800c\u7ebd\u897f\u5170\u5219\u662f\u5168\u7403\u6700\u65e9\u5b9e\u65bd\u533b\u7597\u4e8b\u6545\u5904\u7406\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\u7ebd\u897f\u5170\u7387\u5148\u4ee5\u201c\u65e0\u8fc7\u5931\u8865\u507f\u201d\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6765\u5904\u7406\u533b\u7597\u4e8b\u6545\uff0c\u5e76\u4e8e<span>1974<\/span>\u5e74\u6210\u7acb\u610f\u5916\u8865\u507f\u5c40\u8d1f\u8d23\uff0c\u63a5\u53d7\u56e0\u5de5\u4f5c\u3001\u4ea4\u901a\u6216\u533b\u7597\u4e8b\u6545\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u4f24\u5bb3\u8d54\u507f\u7533\u8bf7\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u5236\u5ea6\u4e0b\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u533b\u7597\u63aa\u65bd\u6216\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u9020\u6210\u7684\u4f24\u5bb3\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\uff0c\u75c5\u4eba\u5747\u53ef\u5411\u8865\u507f\u5c40\u63d0\u51fa\u7533\u8bf7\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u95ee\u9898\u4e0e\u533b\u7597\u8bca\u65ad\u6216\u51b3\u7b56\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u7533\u8bf7\u4fbf\u53ef\u83b7\u6279\u51c6\u3002\u8be5\u5236\u5ea6\u63a8\u884c\u540e\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u533b\u7597\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u4e25\u91cd\u8fdd\u6cd5\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u7ebd\u897f\u5170\u60a3\u8005\u51e0\u4e4e\u65e0\u6cd5\u5411\u533b\u7597\u673a\u6784\u63d0\u51fa\u8bc9\u8bbc\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u822a\u7a7a\u548c\u533b\u7597\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u4ece\u9519\u8bef\u4e2d\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u52a8\u673a\u7279\u5f3a\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ece\u4e1a\u5458\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u751f\u547d\u968f\u65f6\u53d7\u5230\u5a01\u80c1\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u65e0\u7591\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u548c\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u7ecf\u5e38\u8fdb\u884c\u201c\u65e0\u8fc7\u5931\u7684\u4e8b\u540e\u5206\u6790\u201d\uff0c\u4ee5\u8c03\u67e5\u7f51\u7ad9\u5931\u7075\u6216\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u6545\u969c\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u4e0d\u6613\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e0d\u8ffd\u8d23\u7684\u601d\u7ef4\uff0c\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6<span>James Reason<\/span>\u5728<span>1990<\/span>\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e3a\u6b64\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u4ee5\u91ca\u9664\u5927\u4f17\u5bf9\u65e0\u80fd\u548c\u72af\u9519\u8005\u9003\u907f\u8d23\u7f5a\u7684\u7591\u8651\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h5>\u95ee\u8d23\u800c\u975e\u5378\u8d23<\/h5>\n<p><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u8981\u9003\u907f\u6307\u6458\u5176\u5b9e\u5e76\u975e\u6613\u4e8b\u3002\u4e00\u3001\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u8d23\u5f80\u5f80\u8981\u5927\u8d39\u5fc3\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u6307\u6458\u522b\u4eba\u53cd\u800c\u662f\u6beb\u4e0d\u8d39\u529b\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5bb9\u6613\u4ee4\u4eba\u5165\u4fe1\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u9519\u8bef\u5e76\u786e\u4fdd\u6d41\u7a0b\u5f97\u4ee5\u6539\u8fdb\uff0c\u5219\u96be\u514d\u6d89\u53ca\u7ed3\u6784\u6027\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u65e0\u8fc7\u5931\u4e8b\u540e\u5206\u6790\u957f\u671f\u4ee5\u6765\u5df2\u5c5e\u8c37\u6b4c\u4f01\u4e1a\u6587\u5316\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u8be5\u516c\u53f8\u4e3a\u6b64\u63d0\u4f9b\u6a21\u677f\u3001\u53cd\u9988\u548c\u8ba8\u8bba\u5c0f\u7ec4\u3002\u4e8c\u3001\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ba1\u7406\u5c42\u65e2\u7136\u5927\u6743\u5728\u63e1\uff0c\u6307\u6458\u5c5e\u4e0b\u96c7\u5458\u4e5f\u5c31\u8f7b\u800c\u6613\u4e3e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u52a0\u5dde\u5927\u5b66\u5723\u5730\u7259\u54e5\u5206\u6821\u548c\u65b0\u52a0\u5761\u5357\u6d0b\u7406\u5de5\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u5b66\u8005\u6700\u8fd1\u5408\u4f5c\u53d1\u8868\u4e00\u7bc7\u7814\u7a76\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u5f53\u6743\u8005\u5f80\u5f80\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u4f1a\u5c06\u5931\u8d25\u5f52\u548e\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4eec\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u9879\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\uff0c\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u88ab\u968f\u673a\u5206\u914d\u4e3a\u4e3b\u7ba1\u6216\u5de5\u4eba\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u68c0\u89c6\u6709\u5173\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u7eaa\u5f55\u3002\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u90fd\u6536\u5230\u9053\u6b49\u4fe1\uff0c\u58f0\u660e\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u4efb\u52a1\u65e0\u6cd5\u6b63\u5e38\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\u626e\u6f14\u4e3b\u7ba1\u8005\u6bcf\u591a\u8ba4\u5b9a\u6284\u5199\u5458\u5e94\u4e3a\u5931\u8bef\u8d1f\u8d23\uff0c\u4e3b\u5f20\u514b\u6263\u5176\u62a5\u916c\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u89c1\u638c\u6743\u4e0e\u65bd\u7f5a\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6307\u6458\u522b\u4eba\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e5f\u5177\u4f20\u67d3\u6027\u3002<span>2009<\/span>\u5e74\uff0c\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5b66\u8005<span>David Sherman <\/span>\u548c<span> John Klein<\/span>\u53d1\u8868\u5408\u8457\u8bba\u6587<a href=\"#\u6ce8\">\u3010\u6ce8\u3011<\/a>\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8981\u6c42\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u9605\u8bfb\u6709\u5173\u653f\u6cbb\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u65b0\u95fb\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5199\u4e0b\u653f\u5ba2\u7684\u8fc7\u5931\u3002\u8bfb\u5230\u5173\u4e8e\u653f\u5ba2\u5c06\u5931\u8d25\u5f52\u548e\u4e8e\u7279\u6b8a\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u62a5\u9053\u65f6\uff0c\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u5c06\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5931\u8d25\u8d23\u4efb\u63a8\u5378\u7ed9\u522b\u4eba\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u8bfb\u5230\u653f\u5ba2\u627f\u62c5\u8d23\u4efb\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\uff0c\u5219\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u80af\u4e3a\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\u8d1f\u8d23\u3002\u540c\u7406\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u9ad8\u5c42\u82e5\u8f7b\u6613\u6307\u6458\u522b\u4eba\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u5458\u5de5\u4e5f\u4f1a\u6709\u6837\u5b66\u6837\u3002\u5982\u6b64\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u4e0d\u96be\u884d\u751f\u51fa\u4e00\u79cd\u63a8\u5378\u8d23\u4efb\u7684\u6307\u6458\u6587\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u540c\u6587\u5316\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5931\u8d23\u548c\u6307\u6458\u7684\u5bb9\u5fcd\u5ea6\u4e0d\u5c3d\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u96c6\u4f53\u4e3b\u4e49\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u5171\u540c\u6307\u6458\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e2a\u4eba\u6307\u6458\u5219\u8f83\u5e38\u89c1\u3002\u76f8\u4e92\u6307\u6458\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5f3a\u8c03\u4eba\u7c7b\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7ed3\u679c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u52a8\u6001\u5173\u7cfb\u5f53\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u673a\u6784\u521b\u9020\u51fa\u66f4\u5177\u5efa\u8bbe\u6027\u7684\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u8bff\u8fc7\u4e8e\u4eba\uff0c\u4ee5\u9f13\u52b1\u95ee\u8d23\u548c\u5408\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a id=\"\u6ce8\" name=\"\u6ce8\"><\/a>\u6ce8\uff1a<span>Sherman, D. K. and John M. Klein, &#8220;Failure to Blame: The Effect of Collective Blame on Self-Attribution.&#8221; Psychological Science, 2009.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8c22\u56fd\u751f\u535a\u58eb<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\u6e2f\u5927\u7ecf\u7ba1\u5b66\u9662\u91d1\u878d\u5b66\u9996\u5e2d\u8bb2\u5e08\u3001\u65b0\u754c\u4e61\u8bae\u5c40\u5f53\u7136\u6267\u884c\u59d4\u5458<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4f55\u654f\u6dd9\u5148\u751f<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\u9999\u6e2f\u5927\u5b66\u9644\u5c5e\u5b66\u9662\u8bb2\u5e08<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\uff08\u672c\u6587\u540c\u65f6\u4e8e\u4e8c\u96f6\u4e8c\u56db\u5e74\u5341\u4e00\u6708\u4e8c\u5341\u4e03\u65e5\u8f7d\u4e8e\u300a\u4fe1\u62a5\u300b\u201c\u9f99\u864e\u5c71\u4e0b\u201d\u4e13\u680f\uff09<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"no","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"tags":[],"class_list":["post-224791","thought-leadership","type-thought-leadership","status-publish","hentry","leadership-topic-categories-hkej-column-sc","in-the-media-topic-categories-faculty-sc"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 4.9.10 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" 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Klein\u53d1\u8868\u5408\u8457\u8bba\u6587\u3010\u6ce8\u3011\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8981\u6c42\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u9605\u8bfb\u6709\u5173\u653f\u6cbb\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u65b0\u95fb\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5199\u4e0b\u653f\u5ba2\u7684\u8fc7\u5931\u3002\u8bfb\u5230\u5173\u4e8e\u653f\u5ba2\u5c06\u5931\u8d25\u5f52\u548e\u4e8e\u7279\u6b8a\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u62a5\u9053\u65f6\uff0c\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u5c06\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5931\u8d25\u8d23\u4efb\u63a8\u5378\u7ed9\u522b\u4eba\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u8bfb\u5230\u653f\u5ba2\u627f\u62c5\u8d23\u4efb\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\uff0c\u5219\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u80af\u4e3a\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\u8d1f\u8d23\u3002\u540c\u7406\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u9ad8\u5c42\u82e5\u8f7b\u6613\u6307\u6458\u522b\u4eba\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u5458\u5de5\u4e5f\u4f1a\u6709\u6837\u5b66\u6837\u3002\u5982\u6b64\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u4e0d\u96be\u884d\u751f\u51fa\u4e00\u79cd\u63a8\u5378\u8d23\u4efb\u7684\u6307\u6458\u6587\u5316\u3002 \u4e0d\u540c\u6587\u5316\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5931\u8d23\u548c\u6307\u6458\u7684\u5bb9\u5fcd\u5ea6\u4e0d\u5c3d\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u96c6\u4f53\u4e3b\u4e49\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u5171\u540c\u6307\u6458\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e2a\u4eba\u6307\u6458\u5219\u8f83\u5e38\u89c1\u3002\u76f8\u4e92\u6307\u6458\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5f3a\u8c03\u4eba\u7c7b\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7ed3\u679c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u52a8\u6001\u5173\u7cfb\u5f53\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u673a\u6784\u521b\u9020\u51fa\u66f4\u5177\u5efa\u8bbe\u6027\u7684\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u8bff\u8fc7\u4e8e\u4eba\uff0c\u4ee5\u9f13\u52b1\u95ee\u8d23\u548c\u5408\u4f5c\u3002 \u6ce8\uff1aSherman, D. K. and John M. Klein, &quot;Failure to Blame: The Effect of Collective Blame on Self-Attribution.&quot; Psychological\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"google-site-verification=MjdkluDgHpNk2vz5slbwER2Gusw2rUDQuVULMERWzLo\" \/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hkubs.hku.hk\/sc\/research\/thought-leadership\/hkej-column\/the-culture-of-blame-reflections-on-the-u-s-election\/\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO (AIOSEO) 4.9.10\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"HKU Business School -\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u7f8e\u56fd\u5927\u9009\u7ed3\u679c\u6298\u5c04\u51fa\u7684\u907f\u8d23\u6587\u5316 - HKU Business School\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:description\" 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\u5728\u822a\u7a7a\u548c\u533b\u7597\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u4ece\u9519\u8bef\u4e2d\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u52a8\u673a\u7279\u5f3a\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ece\u4e1a\u5458\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u751f\u547d\u968f\u65f6\u53d7\u5230\u5a01\u80c1\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u65e0\u7591\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u548c\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u7ecf\u5e38\u8fdb\u884c\u201c\u65e0\u8fc7\u5931\u7684\u4e8b\u540e\u5206\u6790\u201d\uff0c\u4ee5\u8c03\u67e5\u7f51\u7ad9\u5931\u7075\u6216\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u6545\u969c\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u4e0d\u6613\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e0d\u8ffd\u8d23\u7684\u601d\u7ef4\uff0c\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6James Reason\u57281990\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e3a\u6b64\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u4ee5\u91ca\u9664\u5927\u4f17\u5bf9\u65e0\u80fd\u548c\u72af\u9519\u8005\u9003\u907f\u8d23\u7f5a\u7684\u7591\u8651\u3002 \u95ee\u8d23\u800c\u975e\u5378\u8d23 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\u6307\u6458\u522b\u4eba\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e5f\u5177\u4f20\u67d3\u6027\u30022009\u5e74\uff0c\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5b66\u8005David Sherman \u548c John Klein\u53d1\u8868\u5408\u8457\u8bba\u6587\u3010\u6ce8\u3011\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8981\u6c42\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u9605\u8bfb\u6709\u5173\u653f\u6cbb\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u65b0\u95fb\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5199\u4e0b\u653f\u5ba2\u7684\u8fc7\u5931\u3002\u8bfb\u5230\u5173\u4e8e\u653f\u5ba2\u5c06\u5931\u8d25\u5f52\u548e\u4e8e\u7279\u6b8a\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u62a5\u9053\u65f6\uff0c\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u5c06\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5931\u8d25\u8d23\u4efb\u63a8\u5378\u7ed9\u522b\u4eba\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u8bfb\u5230\u653f\u5ba2\u627f\u62c5\u8d23\u4efb\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\uff0c\u5219\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u80af\u4e3a\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\u8d1f\u8d23\u3002\u540c\u7406\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u9ad8\u5c42\u82e5\u8f7b\u6613\u6307\u6458\u522b\u4eba\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u5458\u5de5\u4e5f\u4f1a\u6709\u6837\u5b66\u6837\u3002\u5982\u6b64\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u4e0d\u96be\u884d\u751f\u51fa\u4e00\u79cd\u63a8\u5378\u8d23\u4efb\u7684\u6307\u6458\u6587\u5316\u3002 \u4e0d\u540c\u6587\u5316\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5931\u8d23\u548c\u6307\u6458\u7684\u5bb9\u5fcd\u5ea6\u4e0d\u5c3d\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u96c6\u4f53\u4e3b\u4e49\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u5171\u540c\u6307\u6458\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e2a\u4eba\u6307\u6458\u5219\u8f83\u5e38\u89c1\u3002\u76f8\u4e92\u6307\u6458\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5f3a\u8c03\u4eba\u7c7b\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7ed3\u679c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u52a8\u6001\u5173\u7cfb\u5f53\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u673a\u6784\u521b\u9020\u51fa\u66f4\u5177\u5efa\u8bbe\u6027\u7684\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u8bff\u8fc7\u4e8e\u4eba\uff0c\u4ee5\u9f13\u52b1\u95ee\u8d23\u548c\u5408\u4f5c\u3002 \u6ce8\uff1aSherman, D. K. and John M. Klein, &quot;Failure to Blame: The Effect of Collective Blame on Self-Attribution.&quot; Psychological\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.hkubs.hku.hk\/sc\/research\/thought-leadership\/hkej-column\/the-culture-of-blame-reflections-on-the-u-s-election\/\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-11-28T04:47:41+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-28T04:50:26+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"\u7f8e\u56fd\u5927\u9009\u7ed3\u679c\u6298\u5c04\u51fa\u7684\u907f\u8d23\u6587\u5316 - HKU Business School\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"twitter:description\" 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K. and John M. Klein, &quot;Failure to Blame: The Effect of Collective Blame on Self-Attribution.&quot; Psychological\" \/>\n\t\t<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" 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Klein\u53d1\u8868\u5408\u8457\u8bba\u6587\u3010\u6ce8\u3011\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8981\u6c42\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u9605\u8bfb\u6709\u5173\u653f\u6cbb\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u65b0\u95fb\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5199\u4e0b\u653f\u5ba2\u7684\u8fc7\u5931\u3002\u8bfb\u5230\u5173\u4e8e\u653f\u5ba2\u5c06\u5931\u8d25\u5f52\u548e\u4e8e\u7279\u6b8a\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u62a5\u9053\u65f6\uff0c\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u5c06\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5931\u8d25\u8d23\u4efb\u63a8\u5378\u7ed9\u522b\u4eba\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u8bfb\u5230\u653f\u5ba2\u627f\u62c5\u8d23\u4efb\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\uff0c\u5219\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u80af\u4e3a\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\u8d1f\u8d23\u3002\u540c\u7406\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u9ad8\u5c42\u82e5\u8f7b\u6613\u6307\u6458\u522b\u4eba\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u5458\u5de5\u4e5f\u4f1a\u6709\u6837\u5b66\u6837\u3002\u5982\u6b64\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u4e0d\u96be\u884d\u751f\u51fa\u4e00\u79cd\u63a8\u5378\u8d23\u4efb\u7684\u6307\u6458\u6587\u5316\u3002 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K. and John M. 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Klein\u53d1\u8868\u5408\u8457\u8bba\u6587\u3010\u6ce8\u3011\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8981\u6c42\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u9605\u8bfb\u6709\u5173\u653f\u6cbb\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u65b0\u95fb\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5199\u4e0b\u653f\u5ba2\u7684\u8fc7\u5931\u3002\u8bfb\u5230\u5173\u4e8e\u653f\u5ba2\u5c06\u5931\u8d25\u5f52\u548e\u4e8e\u7279\u6b8a\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u62a5\u9053\u65f6\uff0c\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u5c06\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5931\u8d25\u8d23\u4efb\u63a8\u5378\u7ed9\u522b\u4eba\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u8bfb\u5230\u653f\u5ba2\u627f\u62c5\u8d23\u4efb\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\uff0c\u5219\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u80af\u4e3a\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\u8d1f\u8d23\u3002\u540c\u7406\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u9ad8\u5c42\u82e5\u8f7b\u6613\u6307\u6458\u522b\u4eba\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u5458\u5de5\u4e5f\u4f1a\u6709\u6837\u5b66\u6837\u3002\u5982\u6b64\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u4e0d\u96be\u884d\u751f\u51fa\u4e00\u79cd\u63a8\u5378\u8d23\u4efb\u7684\u6307\u6458\u6587\u5316\u3002 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K. and John M. Klein, \"Failure to Blame: The Effect of Collective Blame on Self-Attribution.\" Psychological","inLanguage":"zh-CN","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.hkubs.hku.hk\/sc\/#website"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.hkubs.hku.hk\/sc\/research\/thought-leadership\/hkej-column\/the-culture-of-blame-reflections-on-the-u-s-election\/#breadcrumblist"},"datePublished":"2024-11-28T12:47:41+08:00","dateModified":"2024-11-28T12:50:26+08:00"},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.hkubs.hku.hk\/sc\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.hkubs.hku.hk\/sc\/","name":"HKU Business School","inLanguage":"zh-CN","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.hkubs.hku.hk\/sc\/#organization"}}]},"og:locale":"en_US","og:site_name":"HKU Business School -","og:type":"article","og:title":"\u7f8e\u56fd\u5927\u9009\u7ed3\u679c\u6298\u5c04\u51fa\u7684\u907f\u8d23\u6587\u5316 - HKU Business 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K. and John M. Klein, &quot;Failure to Blame: The Effect of Collective Blame on Self-Attribution.&quot; Psychological","og:url":"https:\/\/www.hkubs.hku.hk\/sc\/research\/thought-leadership\/hkej-column\/the-culture-of-blame-reflections-on-the-u-s-election\/","article:published_time":"2024-11-28T04:47:41+00:00","article:modified_time":"2024-11-28T04:50:26+00:00","twitter:card":"summary_large_image","twitter:title":"\u7f8e\u56fd\u5927\u9009\u7ed3\u679c\u6298\u5c04\u51fa\u7684\u907f\u8d23\u6587\u5316 - HKU Business School","twitter:description":"\u4e92\u76f8\u6307\u6458\u6216\u5378\u8d23\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bb8\u53ea\u662f\u4e2a\u4eba\u6ca1\u62c5\u5f53\u7684\u602f\u61e6\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4f46\u653e\u5927\u5230\u793e\u4f1a\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u5c31\u8db3\u4ee5\u4ea7\u751f\u6df7\u6dc6\u516c\u4f17\u89c6\u542c\u7684\u6076\u679c\u3002\u653f\u6cbb\u4eba\u7269\u5f80\u5f80\u900f\u8fc7\u5f7c\u6b64\u6307\u6458\u6765\u8f6c\u79fb\u89c6\u7ebf\uff0c\u529b\u6c42\u8d2c\u4f4e\u5bf9\u624b\u800c\u62ac\u9ad8\u81ea\u5df1\u3002\u5728\u7ade\u4e89\u767d\u70ed\u5316\u7684\u9009\u4e3e\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u60dc\u4e00\u5207\u63a8\u5378\u8d23\u4efb\u5df2\u6210\u653f\u5ba2\u7684\u60ef\u6280\uff0c\u6216\u5bf9\u9009\u4e3e\u7ed3\u679c\u4ee5\u81f3\u672a\u6765\u7ba1\u6cbb\u548c\u653f\u7b56\u5e26\u6765\u96be\u4ee5\u60f3\u50cf\u7684\u51b2\u51fb\u3002 \u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u8d25\u9009\u80cc\u540e 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Klein\u53d1\u8868\u5408\u8457\u8bba\u6587\u3010\u6ce8\u3011\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8981\u6c42\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u9605\u8bfb\u6709\u5173\u653f\u6cbb\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u65b0\u95fb\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5199\u4e0b\u653f\u5ba2\u7684\u8fc7\u5931\u3002\u8bfb\u5230\u5173\u4e8e\u653f\u5ba2\u5c06\u5931\u8d25\u5f52\u548e\u4e8e\u7279\u6b8a\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u62a5\u9053\u65f6\uff0c\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u5c06\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5931\u8d25\u8d23\u4efb\u63a8\u5378\u7ed9\u522b\u4eba\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u8bfb\u5230\u653f\u5ba2\u627f\u62c5\u8d23\u4efb\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\uff0c\u5219\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u80af\u4e3a\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\u8d1f\u8d23\u3002\u540c\u7406\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u9ad8\u5c42\u82e5\u8f7b\u6613\u6307\u6458\u522b\u4eba\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u5458\u5de5\u4e5f\u4f1a\u6709\u6837\u5b66\u6837\u3002\u5982\u6b64\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u4e0d\u96be\u884d\u751f\u51fa\u4e00\u79cd\u63a8\u5378\u8d23\u4efb\u7684\u6307\u6458\u6587\u5316\u3002 \u4e0d\u540c\u6587\u5316\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5931\u8d23\u548c\u6307\u6458\u7684\u5bb9\u5fcd\u5ea6\u4e0d\u5c3d\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u96c6\u4f53\u4e3b\u4e49\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u5171\u540c\u6307\u6458\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e2a\u4eba\u6307\u6458\u5219\u8f83\u5e38\u89c1\u3002\u76f8\u4e92\u6307\u6458\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5f3a\u8c03\u4eba\u7c7b\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7ed3\u679c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u52a8\u6001\u5173\u7cfb\u5f53\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u673a\u6784\u521b\u9020\u51fa\u66f4\u5177\u5efa\u8bbe\u6027\u7684\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u8bff\u8fc7\u4e8e\u4eba\uff0c\u4ee5\u9f13\u52b1\u95ee\u8d23\u548c\u5408\u4f5c\u3002 \u6ce8\uff1aSherman, D. K. and John M. Klein, &quot;Failure to Blame: The Effect of Collective Blame on Self-Attribution.&quot; Psychological"},"aioseo_meta_data":{"post_id":"224791","title":null,"description":null,"keywords":[],"keyphrases":{"focus":{"keyphrase":"","score":0,"analysis":{"keyphraseInTitle":{"score":0,"maxScore":9,"error":1}}},"additional":[]},"primary_term":null,"canonical_url":null,"og_title":null,"og_description":null,"og_object_type":"default","og_image_type":"default","og_image_url":null,"og_image_width":null,"og_image_height":null,"og_image_custom_url":null,"og_image_custom_fields":null,"og_video":"","og_custom_url":null,"og_article_section":null,"og_article_tags":[],"twitter_use_og":false,"twitter_card":"default","twitter_image_type":"default","twitter_image_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_fields":null,"twitter_title":null,"twitter_description":null,"schema":{"blockGraphs":[],"customGraphs":[],"default":{"data":{"Article":[],"Course":[],"Dataset":[],"FAQPage":[],"Movie":[],"Person":[],"Product":[],"ProductReview":[],"Car":[],"Recipe":[],"Service":[],"SoftwareApplication":[],"WebPage":[]},"graphName":"WebPage","isEnabled":true},"graphs":[]},"schema_type":"default","schema_type_options":null,"pillar_content":false,"robots_default":true,"robots_noindex":false,"robots_noarchive":false,"robots_nosnippet":false,"robots_nofollow":false,"robots_noimageindex":false,"robots_noodp":false,"robots_notranslate":false,"robots_max_snippet":"-1","robots_max_videopreview":"-1","robots_max_imagepreview":"large","priority":null,"frequency":"default","local_seo":null,"breadcrumb_settings":null,"limit_modified_date":0,"ai":null,"created":"2024-11-28 04:49:17","updated":"2024-11-28 04:50:38","seo_analyzer_scan_date":null},"aioseo_breadcrumb":"<div class=\"aioseo-breadcrumbs\"><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hkubs.hku.hk\/sc\/\" title=\"Home\">Home<\/a>\n\t\t<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb-separator\">&raquo;<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hkubs.hku.hk\/sc\/thought-leadership\/hkej-column-sc\/\" title=\"\u9f99\u864e\u5c71\u4e0b\">\u9f99\u864e\u5c71\u4e0b<\/a>\n\t\t<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb-separator\">&raquo;<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb\">\n\t\t\t\u7f8e\u56fd\u5927\u9009\u7ed3\u679c\u6298\u5c04\u51fa\u7684\u907f\u8d23\u6587\u5316\n\t\t<\/span><\/div>","aioseo_breadcrumb_json":[{"label":"Home","link":"https:\/\/www.hkubs.hku.hk\/sc\/"},{"label":"\u9f99\u864e\u5c71\u4e0b","link":"https:\/\/www.hkubs.hku.hk\/sc\/thought-leadership\/hkej-column-sc\/"},{"label":"\u7f8e\u56fd\u5927\u9009\u7ed3\u679c\u6298\u5c04\u51fa\u7684\u907f\u8d23\u6587\u5316","link":"https:\/\/www.hkubs.hku.hk\/sc\/research\/thought-leadership\/hkej-column\/the-culture-of-blame-reflections-on-the-u-s-election\/"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hkubs.hku.hk\/sc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/thought-leadership\/224791","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hkubs.hku.hk\/sc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/thought-leadership"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hkubs.hku.hk\/sc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/thought-leadership"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.hkubs.hku.hk\/sc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/thought-leadership\/224791\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":224796,"href":"https:\/\/www.hkubs.hku.hk\/sc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/thought-leadership\/224791\/revisions\/224796"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hkubs.hku.hk\/sc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=224791"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hkubs.hku.hk\/sc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=224791"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}