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\u7f8e\u56fd\u591a\u5e74\u6765\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u5168\u7403\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u9738\u4e3b\u53ca\u8d38\u6613\u5927\u56fd\uff0c\u5176\u8d38\u6613\u653f\u7b56\u5bf9\u4e16\u754c\u8d38\u6613\u4e3e\u8db3\u8f7b\u91cd\u3002\u4e0e\u4e00\u822c\u5bf9\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5728\u5f00\u56fd\u540e\u591a\u5e74\u5747\u91c7\u53d6\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u9996\u4efb\u8d22\u653f\u90e8\u957f\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927\uff0e\u6c49\u5f25\u5c14\u987f\uff08Alexander Hamilton\uff09\u4ece\u7f8e\u56fd\u5229\u76ca\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u6297\u62d2\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u8d38\u6613\u601d\u6f6e\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u81ea\u7531\u8d38\u6613\u53ea\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7f8e\u56fd\u957f\u671f\u6ca6\u4e3a\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u56fd\u3002\u4ed6\u540c\u65f6\u5efa\u8bae\u4ee5\u5173\u7a0e\u4fdd\u62a4\u56fd\u5185\u65b0\u5174\u5de5\u4e1a\uff0c\u5e76\u5c3d\u91cf\u751f\u4ea7\u548c\u6218\u4e89\u6709\u5173\u7684\u7269\u8d44\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u969c\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8003\u91cf\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e8c\u6218\u540e\u4f17\u591a\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u90a3\u65f6\u7f8e\u56fd\u5df2\u664b\u5347\u4e3a\u53d1\u8fbe\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\uff0c\u7ad9\u5728\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\uff0c\u6279\u8bc4\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u91c7\u53d6\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e3b\u4e49\u653f\u7b56\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7279\u6717\u666e\u9ad8\u4e3e\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e3b\u4e49<\/h5>\n

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1947\u5e74\u753123\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7b7e\u7f72\u7684\u300a\u5173\u7a0e\u53ca\u8d38\u6613\u603b\u534f\u5b9a\u300b\uff08GATT\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u8d38\u6613\u7684\u5e73\u53f0\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u56fd\u5bb6\u6216\u5730\u533a\u52a0\u5165\u3002GATT\u540e\u6765\u91cd\u7ec4\u4e3a\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u8d38\u6613\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff08WTO\uff09\u3002\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb70\u591a\u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u867d\u7136\u6709\u4e2a\u522b\u4fdd\u62a4\u672c\u56fd\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u4f46\u5927\u81f4\u4e0a\u4ecd\u7136\u6309\u81ea\u7531\u8d38\u6613\u7684\u89c4\u8303\u884c\u4e8b\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u81ea2016\u5e74\u7279\u6717\u666e\u4e0a\u4efb\u540e\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u8d38\u6613\u653f\u7b56\u4fbf\u6709\u5927\u5e45\u5ea6\u7684\u6539\u53d8\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u62dc\u767b\u4e0a\u53f0\u540e\u53d8\u672c\u52a0\u5389<\/h5>\n

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2016\u5e74\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf\u5927\u9009\uff0c\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u5019\u9009\u4eba\u5e0c\u62c9\u8389\u5728\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u770b\u597d\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8f93\u7ed9\u7279\u6717\u666e\u3002\u7279\u6717\u666e\u81f4\u80dc\u7684\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u662f\u4e89\u53d6\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e2d\u897f\u90e8\u6447\u6446\u5dde\u90e1\u5236\u9020\u4e1a\u5de5\u4eba\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/p>\n

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2016\u5e74\u603b\u7edf\u7ade\u9009\u7684\u6559\u8bad\uff0c\u4f7f\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u5728\u8d38\u6613\u653f\u7b56\u4e0a\u8981\u4e0e\u5171\u548c\u515a\u770b\u9f50\u3002\u62dc\u767b\u4e0a\u4efb\u540e\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u65f6\u4ee5\u4e0d\u53d8\u5e94\u4e07\u53d8\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5c55\u5f00\u8d38\u6613\u6218\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9636\u6bb5\u8c08\u5224\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u91cd\u65b0\u52a0\u5165TPP\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u73b0\u65f6\u4ee5\u65e5\u672c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u53ca\u6539\u540d\u540e\u7684\u300a\u5168\u9762\u4e0e\u8fdb\u6b65\u8de8\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u4f19\u4f34\u5173\u7cfb\u534f\u5b9a\u300b\uff08CPTPP\uff09\u65e0\u751a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u3002\u7136\u800c\u53bb\u5e748\u6708\uff0c\u62dc\u767b\u5148\u540e\u63a8\u51fa\u300a\u6676\u7247\u4e0e\u79d1\u5b66\u6cd5\u6848\u300b\uff08CHIPS and Science Act\uff09\u548c\u300a\u901a\u80c0\u524a\u51cf\u6cd5\u6848\u300b\uff08Inflation Reduction Act\uff09\uff0c\u524d\u8005\u662f\u8981\u91cd\u632f\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u6676\u7247\u5de5\u4e1a\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u5219\u9488\u5bf9\u65b0\u80fd\u6e90\u7279\u522b\u662f\u7535\u52a8\u8f66\u884c\u4e1a\uff0c\u4f46\u4e24\u8005\u4e3b\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u8d22\u653f\u8865\u8d34\u3001\u89c4\u5b9a\u4ece\u4ea7\u54c1\u542b\u6709\u56fd\u5185\u751f\u4ea7\u6210\u4efd\u3001\u6253\u538b\u53ca\u6536\u4e70\u5916\u56fd\u6709\u5173\u4f01\u4e1a\u3001\u5bf9\u5916\u56fd\u4f01\u4e1a\u957f\u81c2\u7ba1\u8f96\u7b49\uff0c\u5728\u5728\u90fd\u4e0e\u7f8e\u56fd\u81ea\u4e8c\u6218\u540e\u9886\u5bfc\u53ca\u63a8\u5e7f\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u8d38\u6613\u3001\u5f00\u653e\u5e02\u573a\u7b49\u6982\u5ff5\u80cc\u9053\u800c\u9a70\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5168\u7403\u8d38\u6613\u4f53\u7cfb\u9762\u76ee\u5168\u975e<\/h5>\n

\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u7279\u6717\u666e\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5de5\u5177\u662f\u5173\u7a0e\uff0c\u5e76\u5355\u5bf9\u5355\u548c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\u5bf9\u5792\uff1b\u62dc\u767b\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u5219\u591a\u6837\u5316\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4ea6\u662f\u660e\u663e\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u5e76\u559c\u6b22\u8054\u7fa4\u7ed3\u515a\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u6f14\u53d8\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u8d38\u6613\u4f53\u7cfb\u5c06\u65e0\u590d\u4e8c\u6218\u540e\u6570\u5341\u5e74\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4eba\u7c7b\u7ecf\u6d4e\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u9762\u8c8c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e5f\u8bb8\u62dc\u767b\u653f\u5e9c\u77e5\u9053\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u8d38\u6613\u653f\u7b56\u5df2\u548cGATT\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u8d38\u6613\u601d\u7ef4\u5206\u9053\u626c\u9573\u3001\u6e10\u884c\u6e10\u8fdc\uff0c\u5728\u4f17\u76ee\u777d\u777d\u4e0b\u9700\u8981\u7ed9\u4e2a\u8bf4\u6cd5\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b89\u5168\u987e\u95ee\u6c99\u5229\u6587\uff08Jake Sullivan\uff09\u4eca\u5e744\u6708\u5e95\u5728\u8457\u540d\u667a\u5e93\u5e03\u9c81\u91d1\u65af\u5b66\u4f1a\uff08Brookings Institution\uff09\u5c31\u56fd\u9645\u7ecf\u6d4e\u653f\u7b56\u53d1\u8868\u6f14\u8bb2\uff0c\u5185\u5bb9\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u62dc\u767b\u653f\u5e9c\u4e3a\u4f55\u8981\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e00\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u5de5\u4e1a\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u653e\u5f03\u4ee5\u81ea\u7531\u8d38\u6613\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8981\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u8bb8\u662f\u62dc\u767b\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ea4\u4ee3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6982\u62ec\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u6c99\u5229\u6587\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u4e8c\u6218\u540e\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u79e9\u5e8f\u5728\u6700\u8fd1\u6570\u5341\u5e74\u51fa\u73b0\u6108\u6765\u6108\u591a\u7eb0\u6f0f\uff08”But the last few decades revealed cracks in those foundations”\uff09\u3010\u6ce8\u3011<\/a>\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7f8e\u56fd\u5de5\u4eba\u8ddf\u4e0d\u4e0a\u5168\u7403\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3001\u91d1\u878d\u5371\u673a\u3001\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u3001\u65b0\u51a0\u80ba\u708e\u75ab\u60c5\u4e0b\u66b4\u9732\u51fa\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\u7684\u8106\u5f31\u3001\u4fc4\u4e4c\u6218\u4e89\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u7ecf\u6d4e\u95f4\u8fc7\u5ea6\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u7b49\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u62dc\u767b\u653f\u5e9c\u8981\u53d1\u5c55\u65b0\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u548c\u521b\u65b0\u653f\u7b56\u3002\u6c99\u5229\u6587\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8f6c\u53d8\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5185\u53ca\u76df\u53cb\u5e7f\u6cdb\u63a5\u53d7\uff0c\u5e76\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u300c\u65b0\u534e\u76db\u987f\u5171\u8bc6\u300d\uff08New Washington Consensus\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u635f\u4eba\u5229\u5df1\u76df\u53cb\u96be\u652f\u6301<\/h5>\n

\u300c\u534e\u76db\u987f\u5171\u8bc6\u300d\u4e00\u8bcd\u51fa\u81ea\u5f7c\u5f97\u68ee\u56fd\u9645\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7814\u7a76\u6240\uff08PIIE\uff09\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u8005\u7ea6\u7ff0\uff0e\u5a01\u5ec9\u59c6\u68ee\uff08John Williamson\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u516b\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b\u671f\u4ee5\u6b64\u5f62\u5bb9\u5f53\u65f6\u5bf9\u5e02\u573a\u5316\u3001\u5168\u7403\u5316\u3001\u79c1\u6709\u5316\u3001\u653e\u677e\u7ba1\u5236\u3001\u964d\u4f4e\u653f\u5e9c\u5f00\u652f\u7b49\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u63a5\u53d7\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u62c9\u4e01\u7f8e\u6d32\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5e94\u8be5\u91c7\u53d6\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u800c\u8a00\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u653f\u7b56\u53ef\u4ee5\u6982\u62ec\u4e3a\u4e24\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4e00\u662f\u589e\u52a0\u5e02\u573a\u7ade\u4e89\uff0c\u4e8c\u662f\u51cf\u5c11\u653f\u5e9c\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u62dc\u767b\u653f\u5e9c\u6240\u505a\u7684\uff0c\u90fd\u548c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u80cc\u9053\u800c\u9a70\u3002\u4e0d\u660e\u767d\u6c99\u5229\u6587\u4e3a\u4f55\u8981\u62c9\u4e0a\u300c\u534e\u76db\u987f\u5171\u8bc6\u300d\u8fd9\u4e00\u8bcd\u8bed\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6c99\u5229\u6587\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u7a76\u7adf\u662f\u591a\u5c11\u4eba\u7684\u5171\u8bc6\uff0c\u503c\u5f97\u6000\u7591\u3002\u5355\u662f\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5185\uff0c\u5171\u548c\u515a\u5927\u6982\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u8bae\u5458\u53cd\u5bf9\u62dc\u767b\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u8d22\u653f\u5f00\u652f\u3002\u5728\u9996\u5e9c\u534e\u76db\u987f\u7279\u533a\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u94f6\u884c\u53ca\u56fd\u9645\u8d27\u5e01\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5927\u6982\u4e5f\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u8005\u4e0d\u8ba4\u540c\u62dc\u767b\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u653f\u7b56\u548c\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n

\u81f3\u4e8e\u5916\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u8ba4\u540c\u7684\u53ea\u662f\u6781\u5c11\u6570\u3002\u5355\u770b\u300a\u901a\u80c0\u524a\u51cf\u6cd5\u6848\u300b\u4e2d\u5bf9\u7535\u52a8\u8f66\u7535\u6c60\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u5df2\u6e05\u695a\u770b\u5230\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u548c\u8d38\u6613\u653f\u7b56\u5982\u4f55\u635f\u4eba\u5229\u5df1\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u6b27\u6d32\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u76df\u53cb\u4ea6\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u63a5\u53d7\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u533a\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u66f4\u96be\u6709\u5171\u8bc6\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u300c\u65b0\u534e\u76db\u987f\u5171\u8bc6\u300d\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u53cd\u6620\u51fa\u62dc\u767b\u653f\u5e9c\u5bf9\u56fd\u9645\u60c5\u51b5\u638c\u63e1\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u4e9b\u8fc7\u5ea6\u81ea\u4fe1\uff0c\u5374\u53c8\u529b\u4e0d\u4ece\u5fc3\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u8d22\u653f\u90e8\u957f\u8036\u4f26\u660e\u5929\u8bbf\u534e\uff0c\u4e2d\u7f8e\u4e4b\u95f4\u53c8\u4f1a\u8fbe\u5230\u591a\u5c11\u5171\u8bc6\uff1f<\/p>\n

<\/a>\u6ce8\uff1ahttps:\/\/www.whitehouse.gov\/briefing-room\/speeches-remarks\/2023\/04\/27\/remarks-by-national-security-advisor-jake-sullivan-on-renewing-american-economic-leadership-at-the-brookings-institution\/<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u9646\u708e\u8f89\u535a\u58eb
\n<\/strong>\u6e2f\u5927\u7ecf\u7ba1\u5b66\u9662\u8363\u8a89\u526f\u6559\u6388<\/strong><\/p>\n

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