Ranking as a top global risk in 2024, misinformation poses severe economic threat. It distorts judgments, leading to resource misallocation and immense economic costs. Moreover, it impacts everyone, regardless of their educational background.
Intensifying extreme weather driven by global warming has severe socioeconomic impacts. In March 2024, the U.S. implemented nationwide climate disclosure rules for listed firms and in 2023 Hong Kong also strengthened oversight for transparency. While disclosures offer companies long-term benefits like reputational gains and risk mitigation, they incur costs and data leak risks.