HKUBS_logo_25_web
  • Global Presence
  • About Us
        • About us about us
        • A Premier Business School in Asia with Global Influence
        • Overview
          • Message from the Dean
          • Vision & Mission
          • Milestones
          • Partnerships & Global Network
          • Beta Gamma Sigma HKU Chapter
          • Rankings & Accreditations
          • Corporate Collaboration
        • Leadership
          • Faculty Management
          • International Advisory Council
        • Our Stories
        • Contact Us
        • Staff Portal
        • Campuses
  • Programmes
        • Programmes programmes
        • Diversified Learning Experience Empowers our Students
        • Undergraduate
        • Masters
          • MAcct
          • MAA
          • MAIB
          • MEcon
          • MFWM
          • MFin
          • MFFinTech
          • MGM
          • MSc(BA)
          • MScMktg
          • MSAF
          • MWM
        • MBAs & EMBAs
          • MBA
          • IMBA
          • HKU EMBA
        • PhD
        • Executive Education
        • DBA
  • People
        • People people
        • International Faculty Body that Offers Quality Education
        • Faculty
        • Research Assistant Professors / Post-Doctoral Fellows
        • Demonstrators/ Teaching Assistants
        • Research Postgraduate Students
        • Administration
  • Research
        • Research research
        • Lead the Frontier of Knowledge Creation
        • Thought Leadership
          • Latest Research Publications
          • HKEJ Column
          • FT Chinese Column
          • In the Media
        • Academic Areas
        • Faculty Members
        • Research Grants
        • PhD Job Market Candidates
        • Seminars & Conferences
          • Edward K Y Chen Distinguished Lecture Series
        • Impact Factors
        • Research Centres & Institutes
        • Hong Kong Macroeconomics Forecast
        • HKU Knowledge Exchange
        • HKU Scholars Hub
        • Shenzhen Research Institutes
  • Events
  • Media
        • Media media
        • Inspire the Society and Community with Rigorous Insights
        • School News
        • In the Media
        • Press Release
  • Career
        • Career career
        • Fostering Strategic Partnerships and Talent Development
        • Recruit our Talents
        • Student Career Development
        • Career Opportunities
          • Faculty Recruitments
          • HKU Career Site
  • 繁
  • 简
Type To Search
HKUBS_logo_25_web
Type To Search
  • Global Presence
  • About Us
        • About us about us
        • A Premier Business School in Asia with Global Influence
        • Overview
          • Message from the Dean
          • Vision & Mission
          • Milestones
          • Partnerships & Global Network
          • Beta Gamma Sigma HKU Chapter
          • Rankings & Accreditations
          • Corporate Collaboration
        • Leadership
          • Faculty Management
          • International Advisory Council
        • Our Stories
        • Contact Us
        • Staff Portal
        • Campuses
  • Programmes
        • Programmes programmes
        • Diversified Learning Experience Empowers our Students
        • Undergraduate
        • Masters
          • MAcct
          • MAA
          • MAIB
          • MEcon
          • MFWM
          • MFin
          • MFFinTech
          • MGM
          • MSc(BA)
          • MScMktg
          • MSAF
          • MWM
        • MBAs & EMBAs
          • MBA
          • IMBA
          • HKU EMBA
        • PhD
        • Executive Education
        • DBA
  • People
        • People people
        • International Faculty Body that Offers Quality Education
        • Faculty
        • Research Assistant Professors / Post-Doctoral Fellows
        • Demonstrators/ Teaching Assistants
        • Research Postgraduate Students
        • Administration
  • Research
        • Research research
        • Lead the Frontier of Knowledge Creation
        • Thought Leadership
          • Latest Research Publications
          • HKEJ Column
          • FT Chinese Column
          • In the Media
        • Academic Areas
        • Faculty Members
        • Research Grants
        • PhD Job Market Candidates
        • Seminars & Conferences
          • Edward K Y Chen Distinguished Lecture Series
        • Impact Factors
        • Research Centres & Institutes
        • Hong Kong Macroeconomics Forecast
        • HKU Knowledge Exchange
        • HKU Scholars Hub
        • Shenzhen Research Institutes
  • Events
  • Media
        • Media media
        • Inspire the Society and Community with Rigorous Insights
        • School News
        • In the Media
        • Press Release
  • Career
        • Career career
        • Fostering Strategic Partnerships and Talent Development
        • Recruit our Talents
        • Student Career Development
        • Career Opportunities
          • Faculty Recruitments
          • HKU Career Site
HKUBS_logo_25_web
  • Global Presence
  • About Us
    • Overview
      • Message from the Dean
      • Vision & Mission
      • Milestones
      • Partnerships & Global Network
      • Beta Gamma Sigma HKU Chapter
      • Rankings & Accreditations
      • Corporate Collaboration
    • Leadership
      • Faculty Management
      • International Advisory Council
    • Our Stories
    • Contact Us
    • Staff Portal
    • Campuses
  • Programmes
    • Undergraduate
    • Masters
      • MAcct
      • MAA
      • MAIB
      • MEcon
      • MFWM
      • MFin
      • MFFinTech
      • MGM
      • MSc(BA)
      • MScMktg
      • MSAF
      • MWM
    • MBAs & EMBAs
      • MBA
      • IMBA
      • HKU EMBA
    • DBA
    • PhD
    • Executive Education
  • People
    • Faculty
    • Research Assistant Professors / Post-Doctoral Fellows
    • Demonstrators/ Teaching Assistants
    • Research Postgraduate Students
    • Administration
  • Research
    • Thought Leadership
      • Latest Research Publications
      • HKEJ Column
      • FT Chinese Column
      • In the Media
    • Academic Areas
    • Faculty Members
    • Research Grants
    • PhD Job Market Candidates
    • Seminars & Conferences
      • Edward K Y Chen Distinguished Lecture Series
    • Impact Factors
    • Research Centres & Institutes
    • Hong Kong Macroeconomics Forecast
    • HKU Knowledge Exchange
    • HKU Scholars Hub
    • Shenzhen Research Institutes
  • Events
  • Media
    • School News
    • In the Media
    • Press Release
  • Career
    • Recruit our Talents
    • Student Career Development
    • Career Opportunities
      • Faculty Recruitments
      • HKU Career Site

HKEJ Column

Home Research Thought Leadership HKEJ Column
Chinese Enterprises Going Global: A Strategic Opportunity for Hong Kong’s Transformation

Chinese Enterprises Going Global: A Strategic Opportunity for Hong Kong’s Transformation

24 Dec 2025
Share on TwitterShare on FacebookShare on WhatsappShare on LinkedInShare on Email

中企出海: 香港轉型的契機

中國經濟正處於「供強需弱」的矛盾之中,在生產能力不斷飛躍的同時,內需空間並未同步擴張。海關總署最新數據顯示,2025年1至11月,中國貿易順差已達到1.076萬億美元的新高。以出口疏壓,曾是奏效的手段;然而今日的世界市場,已未必願意持續吸納如此龐大的增量。在這背後,固然反映的是中國制造的整體實力已具備比較優勢。但是,當過量物美價廉的商品出口他國,當地供應商的市場份額會被大幅擠出,而隨之而來的是就業收縮與政治反彈。當關稅、技術標準、補貼門檻被層層疊起,國際貿易自此不再自由,也難以發揮其「反內捲」的功能。

 

中企出海: 從出口銷售到在地共振

於是,「出海」的意義開始發生轉換。它不再只是把商品推銷得更遠,而是探索在他國的土地上搭建一種全新的生態關係:在當地設廠、僱學徒、建服務網、育供應商,把供應鏈的部分增加價值留在當地經濟之中,讓GDP與就業在地呈現;而技術、品牌、運營與管治的價值則反映在出海企業的財務報表之中。在這種「在地共振」的結構中,出口產能不再只是一串數字,而是一套更為和諧的合作制度。

這條出海之路雖然看似美好,但並不易走。因為任何大規模的海外布局,短期內都會引起一連串的問題,對國內經濟和就業造成掣肘。當產線外移,留在本土的工人和配套如何安排?產業升級所帶來的新興職業,能否及時填補國內就業需求的缺口?國內勞動人口掌握的技能,又是否能夠滿足市場提出的新需求?當然,如此種種的問題,大多都是發展中、轉型中的問題,在國家經濟長期向好的情況下,只要付出耐心和努力,都是有信心能夠解決的。相對於宏觀經濟層面的調適,企業的競爭時鐘總是走得更快。這種時間差,使出海成了「願景與現實」之間最難拿捏的距離。

 

香港角色:從聯繫窗口到賦能平台

對於中企出海而言,香港的位置耐人尋味。過去數十年來,香港一直是西方國家與中國大陸之間的窗口,扮演著「超級聯繫人」的角色,撮合雙方資金和項目。然而,國際局勢早已發生轉變,「一帶一路」新興市場已成為不少中企出海的重點目的地。反觀香港,在語言、文化、法律、教育乃至金融等各方面,與「全球南方」的聯繫算不上緊密。再者,當全球供應鏈被地緣政治和規制切分為多個版圖,純粹的「聯繫」已不再足夠。企業需要的不再只是一張名片,而是一套能落地、可擴張、抗風險的完整方案。因此,香港若要抓住這次中企出海的時代浪潮,必須完成自身角色的轉變,從聯繫窗口進化成為賦能平台,在撮合之餘附加額外增值。

所謂額外增值,其一是風控的增值。香港長於國際慣例的交界處,多法域的合約設計、仲裁安排、稅務籌劃與數據治理,本就是這個城市的日常。當一家內地企業走向東南亞或中東,面對的是各地不一的法規,從市場准入、投資審批、關稅與原產地,到勞工法、環保標準、數據合規與稅務協定等。若把這些法規前置為合約設計,而不是事後補救,商業的不確定性便可降低。香港的律所、諮詢、仲裁機構,具備把法規翻譯為流程的能力,為中企出海提供第一層保險。

其二是資本的增值。出海不僅是產線遷徙,更涉及業務擴張、融資與現金流管理。從貿易融資、訂單回款,到綠地投資、租賃資產、併購、風險投資、股權融資、抵押融資等,歸根究底是要盤活資產、豐富資金來源、整合資源,以及分散風險。香港的金融業向來熟悉以股債結合、保險與再保險、供應鏈金融與風險對沖,將政經環境與匯率的不確定轉化為可計價的保單與期權。香港亦可通過資本市場的透明度,為企業品牌與管治背書;以專項基金與房地產投資信託基金(REITs)等,為在地化基建等重資產投資找到長錢。當資本工程與產業工程同步,中企出海的步伐才不會因等待資金周轉而被迫放慢。香港的金融服務具備融資、資金管理、風險對沖等能力,為中企出海提供第二層價值。

其三是生態的增值。出海的關鍵約束不僅在於風控與資本,還在於能否有效率地搭建一套在地化網絡。這套網絡涵蓋眾多要素,包括原材料與服務供應商、生產與品質控制、銷售渠道與售後服務、人才與管理梯隊、政府與監管互動、公共關係,以及可核證的ESG績效等等。香港的優勢在於將這些分散要素「組裝」為體系的平台功能。政府、行業協會、高校、展會與專業服務,能為企業出海提供經驗分享和中介服務,將分散的資源整合轉化為標準化、模塊化的解決方案,以降低信息不對稱與交易成本,加速企業在新法域的市場進入與能力移植。這種資源整合的服務,正是香港能為中企出海提供的第三重價值。

 

從歐美市場到全球南方  從出口產能到輸出品牌

近年不少內地企業高管來港取經,尋求的不僅是聯繫窗口,更是整套「走出去」的作配套服務。香港需要把聯繫做成能力,把能力做成產品,當流量和功能二者疊加,才能形成極具增加價值的賦能平台。誠言,香港在協助企業出海方面已具備多年經驗,特別是在金融基建、交通網絡、中西文化融合等方面的優勢甚為突出。與過往不同的是,香港或許需要重新學習如何與東盟、中東、東歐、中亞、南美等「全球南方」經濟體深化交往,並用心打磨服務,以順應時代的發展趨勢。

反內捲在於把競爭重心從成本轉向標準,從價格轉向質量;把產能的增長轉化為品牌與制度的輸出,將企業的成長與在地社會的進步聯繫在一起。香港所能貢獻的,正是一種制度化的想像力,讓中企出海,不僅能跨過關稅與港口,也能跨過信任與治理的門檻。當這座城市在規則、資本與生態之間形成合力,從超級聯繫人升級為超級增值人,便是水到渠成的事情。

 

鄧希煒教授
香港大學協理副校長、港大經管學院副院長、馮國經馮國綸基金經濟學教授

張超藝先生
香港大學香港經濟及商業策略研究所高級研究助理

(本文同時於二零二五年十二月二十四日載於《信報》「龍虎山下」專欄)

Rising from the Ashes: Turning Mourning into Contemplation17 Dec 2025
Economic insecurity behind the macroeconomy31 Dec 2025
Trending
How the Hong Kong Middle Class Can Escape the Kill Line
How the Hong Kong Middle Class Can Escape the Kill Line
Dr. Yifei ZHANG
Sitting in an office at the foot of Lung Fu Shan, the view from the window is of the lush greenery of Pok Fu Lam, with the shimmering waters of Victoria Harbour faintly visible in the distance. This is where academia and finance converge in Hong Kong, and it offers one of the best vantage points for observing the city’s economic pulse.
11 Feb 2026
Faculty
Battery Swapping: A Golden Key to Electrifying Hong Kong’s Commercial Fleet
Battery Swapping: A Golden Key to Electrifying Hong Kong’s Commercial Fleet
Prof. Zhixi WAN
In the history of global new energy vehicles’ refueling (or replenishment) evolution, battery-swapping technology has undergone a dramatic rebirth. As early as 2007, the Israeli company Better Place conceived a blueprint for automated battery swapping, attempting to eliminate range anxiety through the physical replacement of batteries.
4 Feb 2026
Faculty
TANG_Hei_Wai_web1
About Author
Prof. Heiwai TANG

Associate Vice-President (Global), The University of Hong Kong

Sign up for upcoming news and events
LinkedIn WeChat Instagram Facebook Weibo Twitter YouTube

©2025, HKU Business School. All Rights Reserved. | Privacy Policy | Web Accessibility Statement